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Agroforestry has been practiced from the beginning of agriculture in whole Europe; however, currently it is not a common landuse system in Czech Republic. Traditional agroforestry practically disappeared during the era of collective farming throughout of 20th century, except for small remnants and modern agroforestry systems are not in practice yet. The most extended traditional agroforestry practice is silvopastoral form of streuobst (streuobstwiesen - grazing of extensive fruit orchards) remaining in sites with less favourable conditions for intensive agriculture (e.g. mountains – regions of White Carpathians and Bohemian Forest). Silvoarable streuobst (streuobstäcker – intercropping under fruit orchards) is of no importance but nowadays some organic farmers are interested in this. There are also other agroforestry systems: trees on pasture (found in mountain areas – e.g. Jeseníky), intercropping of forest trees and forest farming/gardening. Intercropping of forest trees involves interplanting trees in forest during first years after establishment. In past it was practiced in various forms until the 19th century when it was promoted by foresters. Now this system is practiced only in small part of floodplain forest where crop cultivation helps weed reduction. We can find also few examples of forest farming/gardening scattered around Czech Republic, usually as hobby farming. Currently, there are not new intensive systems (e.g. alley cropping) for timber production practiced yet, however, potential for production of quality timber (e.g. wild cherry, walnut) and wood biomass (e.g. poplar) exists. We have no data about extension of these agroforestry systems, but it is rather insignificant. Now there is a change in European and Czech agricultural policy leading to more environmentally friendly agricultural production, sustainability, rural development and biodiversity enhancement. This shift in agricultural policy that could also support tree growing on agricultural land, may foster agroforestry development, especially in organic farming and less favoured areas (e.g. mountains, protected landscapes).
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agroforestry Czech Republic