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Reabilitação com implantes em pacientes periodontais
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A reabilitação oral com implantes dentários considera-se uma opção terapêutica viável em pacientes desdentados totais e parciais, procurando restabelecer a estética e a função. Apesar da previsibilidade e efetividade do tratamento, os implantes dentários não estão isentos de complicações, nomeadamente a mucosite e a periimplantite, podendo ditar a sua falha. A história de periodontite tem sido referida como um possível fator de risco, devido à associação a taxas inferiores de sucesso/sobrevivência implantar e à maior probabilidade de desenvolvimento de periimplantite, principalmente a longo-prazo. Devido a este facto e à semelhança entre as patologias, tem sido questionado se indivíduos mais suscetíveis para o desenvolvimento de periodontite são igualmente mais suscetíveis à ocorrência de periimplantite. Enquanto fator etiológico primário, a acumulação de placa bacteriana conduz a alterações inflamatórias nos tecidos, podendo resultar a falha implantar. Sabe-se que a manutenção da saúde dos tecidos periodontais e periimplantares é preponderante no sucesso a longo-prazo dos implantes, nomeadamente através de um programa de terapia periodontal de suporte individualizado, proporcionando um diagnóstico e intervenção precoces, em caso de doença. A reabilitação com implantes dentários em pacientes periodontais não está contraindicada, desde que a periodontite esteja controlada e acompanhada previamente à sua colocação, permitindo ser uma terapêutica de sucesso.
The oral rehabilitation with dental implants is considered a viable therapeutic option for totally or partially edentulous patients, in order to restore aesthetics and function. Despite the predictability and effectiveness of this treatment modality, dental implants are not free of complications, including mucositis and peri-implantitis, which may dictate their failure. History of periodontitis has been reported as a possible risk factor for implant failure, having been associated with lower rates of implant success / survival rates and a greater likelihood of developing peri-implantitis, especially in the long-term. Due to this fact and because of the similarity between the diseases, it has been questioned whether individuals more susceptible to developing periodontitis are also more susceptible to the occurrence of peri-implantitis. As the primary etiologic factor, the accumulation of dental plaque leads to inflammatory changes in the tissues, which may result in implant failure. It is known that the maintenance of the health of peri-implant and periodontal tissues is preponderant in the long-term success of implants, particularly through an individualized supportive periodontal therapy, enabling an early diagnosis and intervention in case of disease. The rehabilitation with dental implants in periodontal patients is not contraindicated, and as long as periodontitis is controlled and monitored before placement of the implants, long-term success can be achieved.
The oral rehabilitation with dental implants is considered a viable therapeutic option for totally or partially edentulous patients, in order to restore aesthetics and function. Despite the predictability and effectiveness of this treatment modality, dental implants are not free of complications, including mucositis and peri-implantitis, which may dictate their failure. History of periodontitis has been reported as a possible risk factor for implant failure, having been associated with lower rates of implant success / survival rates and a greater likelihood of developing peri-implantitis, especially in the long-term. Due to this fact and because of the similarity between the diseases, it has been questioned whether individuals more susceptible to developing periodontitis are also more susceptible to the occurrence of peri-implantitis. As the primary etiologic factor, the accumulation of dental plaque leads to inflammatory changes in the tissues, which may result in implant failure. It is known that the maintenance of the health of peri-implant and periodontal tissues is preponderant in the long-term success of implants, particularly through an individualized supportive periodontal therapy, enabling an early diagnosis and intervention in case of disease. The rehabilitation with dental implants in periodontal patients is not contraindicated, and as long as periodontitis is controlled and monitored before placement of the implants, long-term success can be achieved.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, 2013
Palavras-chave
Periodontologia Teses de mestrado - 2013