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The role of HIIT in depression, anxiety, and health-related quality of life among heart transplant recipients
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Introdução: Em doentes pós transplante cardíaco é frequente o aparecimento de sintomatologia depressiva e ansiosa, o que além de se correlacionar com maiores taxas de morbimortalidade, se associa a uma menor compliance médica, preponderante nestes doentes.
Nos últimos anos, o exercício de alta intensidade intervalado tem ganho destaque, não sendo, contudo, ainda claro qual o seu impacto e benefício comparativamente a outras formas de exercício mais preconizadas até agora, sobretudo nos doentes com patologia cardiovascular.
Objetivo: Compreender o impacto do exercício de alta intensidade intervalado nos sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e na qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde nos doentes pós transplante cardíaco.
Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura utilizando as bases de dados MEDLINE, Web of Knowledge, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Scopus e Cochrane até fevereiro de 2021. A pesquisa foi limitada a estudos clínicos randomizados publicados e em Português ou Inglês.
Resultados: A pesquisa inicial obteve uma amostra de 153 artigos, dos quais 6 foram incluídos nesta revisão. Três estudos comparam exercício de alta intensidade intervalado com exercício continuado, e outros três apenas com terapêutica médica habitual. A generalidade dos estudos aponta para um possível efeito benéfico do exercício de alta intensidade intervalado na depressão, ansiedade e qualidade de vida. Contudo, a elevada heterogeneidade e a pequena amostra populacional dos estudos incluídos não permitem a compreensão total do impacto desta forma de exercício nos doentes pós transplante e nas suas comorbilidades psiquiátricas.
Conclusão: Exercício de alta intensidade intervalado aparenta diminuir a ansiedade e depressão e melhorar a qualidade de vida nos doentes pós transplante cardíaco. Todavia, é necessária mais evidência para melhor compreender o efeito desta forma de exercício nesta população de doentes.
Background: Depression and anxiety are common among heart transplant (HTx) recipients and are correlated with higher mortality. Psychiatric morbidity is also associated with poorer medical compliance, a key factor in transplant success. In the last years, high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) has been discussed as an alternative to more disseminated types of exercise, being acclaimed for the good results in reducing the burden of cardiovascular risk factors in the general population and for its positive impact on psychological distress and Health-Related Quality of Live (HRQoL), both of proven importance in the success of transplants. Objective: The aim of this work is to do a comprehensive review of the impact of HIIT in depressive and anxiety symptoms, as well as in HRQoL among HTx recipients’ population. Methods: This review included articles searched in electronic databases: MEDLINE, Web of Knowledge, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Scopus, and Cochrane up to February of 2021. References of all relevant articles were hand searched for other relevant articles. The search was limited to English and Portuguese languages, published studies, and to randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Results: The search identified 153 articles, from which 6 were included in this work. Three studies compared HIIT with Standard Care, other three HIIT with Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training (MICT). Two RCTs were follow ups of other included studies. The overall findings seem to point to a beneficial role of HIIT in symptoms of anxiety, depression and on HRQoL but the high heterogeneity and small sample of RCTs does not allow the full understanding of the role of HIIT among HTx recipients and their psychological symptoms. Conclusion: HIIT seems to decrease anxiety and depression symptoms and improve HRQoL. However, further evidence is needed to better understand the amplitude of the effect and its benefits in long term.
Background: Depression and anxiety are common among heart transplant (HTx) recipients and are correlated with higher mortality. Psychiatric morbidity is also associated with poorer medical compliance, a key factor in transplant success. In the last years, high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) has been discussed as an alternative to more disseminated types of exercise, being acclaimed for the good results in reducing the burden of cardiovascular risk factors in the general population and for its positive impact on psychological distress and Health-Related Quality of Live (HRQoL), both of proven importance in the success of transplants. Objective: The aim of this work is to do a comprehensive review of the impact of HIIT in depressive and anxiety symptoms, as well as in HRQoL among HTx recipients’ population. Methods: This review included articles searched in electronic databases: MEDLINE, Web of Knowledge, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Scopus, and Cochrane up to February of 2021. References of all relevant articles were hand searched for other relevant articles. The search was limited to English and Portuguese languages, published studies, and to randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Results: The search identified 153 articles, from which 6 were included in this work. Three studies compared HIIT with Standard Care, other three HIIT with Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training (MICT). Two RCTs were follow ups of other included studies. The overall findings seem to point to a beneficial role of HIIT in symptoms of anxiety, depression and on HRQoL but the high heterogeneity and small sample of RCTs does not allow the full understanding of the role of HIIT among HTx recipients and their psychological symptoms. Conclusion: HIIT seems to decrease anxiety and depression symptoms and improve HRQoL. However, further evidence is needed to better understand the amplitude of the effect and its benefits in long term.
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2021
Palavras-chave
Ansiedade Depressão Qualidade de vida relacionada com saúde Transplante cardíaco Exercício de alta intensidade intervalado Cardiologia