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Authors
Abstract(s)
A designação Moderno Colonial Português em África confrontou-nos com uma “alegação” de especificidade da Arquitectura Moderna produzida e projectada nos territórios em causa e dita “livre”, relativamente à Arquitectura Moderna também ali produzida no mesmo período, mas projectada a partir da Metrópole e apodada de “vinculada”. A diferenciação sugere uma eventual gradação na “sujeição” à ideologia do Estado Novo, presumindo que, nas ex-Colónias, ela fosse menor e, portanto, a atitude criativa mais aberta e inovadora. Face às características do Movimento Moderno, sobretudo na sua vertente Internacional e dada a conhecida qualidade de autores e métodos de trabalho envolvidos, a dúvida pareceu-nos legítima. O seu esclarecimento é o objecto desta investigação, no âmbito da qual pretendemos compreender o edificado em causa, em ambas as circunstâncias referidas. Uma vez que o Moderno colonial é já objecto de vasta produção historiográfica, para nós, o exercício faria mais sentido se baseado em critérios intrínsecos ao próprio acto de projectar Arquitectura. Assim, com base no conceito de Tectónica procedemos à desconstrução de um conjunto de casos concretos, representativos da alegada dualidade, de modo a compreender as eventuais diferenças. Foi, primeiro, necessário definir, justificar e operacionalizar um referencial teórico com base no qual procedemos à dita desconstrução, para avaliar de que modo o dito referencial está presente nas Arquitecturas em causa. Um trabalho que nos permitiu concluir que a alegada distinção não tem razão de ser. Simultaneamente, esboça-se uma reflexão sobre os desafios decorrentes da crise climática e da escassez de recursos. Desafios que, num quadro de soluções tecnológicas, como a Inteligência Artificial, que confrontam a Arquitectura com a obsolescência de muitos dos métodos actuais, tornam urgente, para lá de raciocínios de eficácia e produtividade, preservar a essência do acto arquitectónico. A generalização de uma Cultura Tectónica de projecto, é, parece-nos, o caminho a seguir.
The designation Modern Colonial Portuguese in Africa presented us with a “claim” of specificity regarding Modern Architecture produced and designed in the mentioned territories, described as “free”, in comparison to Modern Architecture also produced in those territories in the same period, but designed from the Metropolis and referred to as “bound”. This differentiation suggests a potential inclination towards the ideology of Estado Novo, suggesting that in the ex-Colonies, constraints would be less tight, and the creative attitude more open and innovative. Given the characteristics of the Modern Movement, particularly in its International aspect, and considering the renowned quality of authors and methods involved, legitimate doubt arises. Clarifying this doubt is the objective of this investigation, within which we aim to understand the specific Architecture in question in both mentioned circumstances. Since colonial Modernism is already the subject of extensive historiographical production, we believe the exercise would make more sense if based on criteria intrinsic to the act of designing Architecture. Based on the concept of Tectonics, we proceeded to deconstruct a set of specific cases, representative of the alleged duality, to understand potential differences. First, it was necessary to define, justify, and operationalize a theoretical framework based on which we carried out the mentioned deconstruction, aiming to establish how the said framework is present in these Architectures. A study that allowed us to conclude that the initial distinction lacks justification. Simultaneously, a reflection is outlined on the challenges arising from the climate crisis and resource scarcity. Challenges that, within a framework of technological solutions, such as Artificial Intelligence, confronting Architecture with the obsolescence of many current methods, make it urgent, beyond considerations of efficiency and productivity, to preserve the essence of the architectural act. The generalization of a Tectonic Culture of design seems to us the path to follow.
The designation Modern Colonial Portuguese in Africa presented us with a “claim” of specificity regarding Modern Architecture produced and designed in the mentioned territories, described as “free”, in comparison to Modern Architecture also produced in those territories in the same period, but designed from the Metropolis and referred to as “bound”. This differentiation suggests a potential inclination towards the ideology of Estado Novo, suggesting that in the ex-Colonies, constraints would be less tight, and the creative attitude more open and innovative. Given the characteristics of the Modern Movement, particularly in its International aspect, and considering the renowned quality of authors and methods involved, legitimate doubt arises. Clarifying this doubt is the objective of this investigation, within which we aim to understand the specific Architecture in question in both mentioned circumstances. Since colonial Modernism is already the subject of extensive historiographical production, we believe the exercise would make more sense if based on criteria intrinsic to the act of designing Architecture. Based on the concept of Tectonics, we proceeded to deconstruct a set of specific cases, representative of the alleged duality, to understand potential differences. First, it was necessary to define, justify, and operationalize a theoretical framework based on which we carried out the mentioned deconstruction, aiming to establish how the said framework is present in these Architectures. A study that allowed us to conclude that the initial distinction lacks justification. Simultaneously, a reflection is outlined on the challenges arising from the climate crisis and resource scarcity. Challenges that, within a framework of technological solutions, such as Artificial Intelligence, confronting Architecture with the obsolescence of many current methods, make it urgent, beyond considerations of efficiency and productivity, to preserve the essence of the architectural act. The generalization of a Tectonic Culture of design seems to us the path to follow.
Description
Tese de Doutoramento. Arquitetura (Tecnologia e Gestão da Construção). Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Arquitetura. 2024
Keywords
Arquitectura Colonial Portuguesa Movimento Moderno Português em África Tectónica Análise Tectónica Tecnologias da Construção Portuguese Colonial Architecture Portuguese Modern Movement in Africa Tectonics Tectonic Analysis Construction Technologies
Pedagogical Context
Citation
GOMES, João Nuno da Silva Carrola - Originalidades no moderno colonial português em África: Um estudo tectónico. - Lisboa : FA, 2024.Tese de Doutoramento
Publisher
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura