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A influência da prática de exercício na natureza na saúde e bem-estar : revisão narrativa e proposta de protocolo de investigação
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Os benefícios do exercício na natureza, tradicionalmente denominado green exercise, encontram-se extensamente descritos na literatura. A primeira parte da presente dissertação consiste numa revisão que procurou averiguar a influência do exercício em ambientes naturais na saúde, particularmente, noutros contextos para além dos verdes (arborizados). Foram revistas as principais teorias explicativas dos benefícios desta prática para a saúde e as influências psicológicas e fisiológicas de diferentes contextos de exercício na natureza. A abordagem Ecological Dynamics destaca-se pela sua explicação convincente e parcimoniosa da interação entre o praticante e a natureza. Propomos abarcar toda a prática na natureza, em particular os ambientes aquáticos, sendo necessário conhecer melhor a sua influência. A investigação nesta área apresenta diversas inconsistências metodológicas, dificultando a síntese de resultados e criando a necessidade de maior coerência metodológica. Na segunda parte desta dissertação foi apresentada uma proposta de protocolo de investigação, cujo objetivo é averiguar os efeitos psicológicos e fisiológicos de ambientes naturais distintos, na prática de exercício físico. Este protocolo procura clarificar os efeitos da prática de exercício em diferentes contextos de natureza (arborizado e aquático) quanto às respostas afetivas, satisfação e adesão ao exercício, e contribuir para reduzir a escassez de estudos longitudinais nesta área do conhecimento.
The benefits of exercise in nature, traditionally called green exercise, are widely described in the literature. The first part of this dissertation consists of a review in which it was sought to investigate the influence of exercise in natural environments on health, particularly in contexts other than green (arborized). The main explanatory theories of the health benefits of this practice and the psychological and physiological influences of different exercise contexts in nature were reviewed. The Ecological Dynamics approach stands out for its compelling and parsimonious explanation of the interaction between the practitioner and nature. We propose to cover all the practice in nature, in particular the aquatic environments, being necessary to further study its influence. Research in this area presents several methodological inconsistencies, making it difficult to synthesize results and creating the need for greater methodological coherence. In the second part of this dissertation, a proposal for a research protocol was presented, the objective of which is to ascertain the psychological and physiological effects of different natural environments, in exercise. The research protocol seeks to clarify the effects of exercise practice in different contexts of nature (arborized and aquatic) regarding affective responses, satisfaction and adherence to exercise, and to contribute to reduce the scarcity of longitudinal studies in this area of knowledge.
The benefits of exercise in nature, traditionally called green exercise, are widely described in the literature. The first part of this dissertation consists of a review in which it was sought to investigate the influence of exercise in natural environments on health, particularly in contexts other than green (arborized). The main explanatory theories of the health benefits of this practice and the psychological and physiological influences of different exercise contexts in nature were reviewed. The Ecological Dynamics approach stands out for its compelling and parsimonious explanation of the interaction between the practitioner and nature. We propose to cover all the practice in nature, in particular the aquatic environments, being necessary to further study its influence. Research in this area presents several methodological inconsistencies, making it difficult to synthesize results and creating the need for greater methodological coherence. In the second part of this dissertation, a proposal for a research protocol was presented, the objective of which is to ascertain the psychological and physiological effects of different natural environments, in exercise. The research protocol seeks to clarify the effects of exercise practice in different contexts of nature (arborized and aquatic) regarding affective responses, satisfaction and adherence to exercise, and to contribute to reduce the scarcity of longitudinal studies in this area of knowledge.
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Atividade física Green Exercise Benefícios Psicológicos Saúde Mental Bem-estar Ambientes Naturais Ambiente Aquático Physical Activity Psychological Benefits Mental Health Wellbeing Natural Environments Aquatic Environment