A carregar...
Publicação
Impacto de vários tratamentos na redução do escaldão solar em maçãs Gala
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.18 MB | Adobe PDF |
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O escaldão solar na fruta constitui um importante problema económico na
maioria das regiões de produção de maçã, a nível mundial. As perdas por ele
provocadas podem ir de 10% a 50% da produção.
Tendo isto em consideração, existe uma grande necessidade de se estudar a
eficácia das diversas estratégias de prevenção do escaldão, de modo a ajudar os
fruticultores no combate ao mesmo.
Sendo assim, o presente estudo foi realizado num pomar de macieira ‘Gala’
(Malus domestica Borkh), clone ‘Galaxy Selecta’, pertencente ao INIAV, I.P. de
Alcobaça, durante a campanha de 2021. Foram testadas oito estratégias de mitigação
de queimaduras solares (Eckosil, fertilização foliar, reforço hídrico, quatro protetores
solares: Surround, Vegepron Sun, Agrowhite e Sunstop e uma modalidade
testemunha) ao longo de toda a campanha. Foram avaliados parâmetros de produção
e qualidade, assim como aspetos fisiológicos. Dentro destes últimos, analisou-se a
fotossíntese líquida, fluorescência da clorofila, concentração de alguns antioxidantes
não enzimáticos e expressão génica de genes que codificam proteínas de choque
térmico (HSPs).
De acordo com os resultados obtidos é possível verificar que: as maiores
produções normalizadas foram verificadas nas modalidades Fertilização foliar,
Agrowhite e Reforço hídrico (0,751 0,661 e 0,655 kg/cm2 de AST, respetivamente);
frutos com ºBrix mais elevado nas modalidades foram Fertilização foliar, Eckosil e
Agrowhite (14,1%, 13,8% e 13,6% de TSS, respetivamente); frutos com maior
pigmentação vermelha nos tratamentos com Sunstop, Fertilização Foliar e Agrowhite;
Quanto à fotossíntese, valores mais baixos foram apresentados pelas modalidades
Surround e Vegepron Sun, conduzindo a valores de SLA mais elevados.
De modo geral, a maioria das modalidades apresentou igual ou melhor
desempenho relativamente à testemunha. Contudo, é de salientar os resultados
favoráveis obtidos para o tratamento com Agrowhite, uma vez que permitiu minimizar
incidência de escaldão solar à colheita, proporcionando frutos com tão ou melhor qualidade relativamente à testemunha
Fruit sunburn is a major economic problem in most apple-producing regions worldwide. Their losses can range from 10% to 50% of production. Bearing this in mind, there is a great need to study the effectiveness of the different sunburn prevention strategies, to help fruit growers to combat it. Therefore, the present study was carried out in an apple orchard 'Gala' (Malus domestica Borkh), clone 'Galaxy Selecta', belonging to INIAV, I.P. Alcobaça during the 2021 campaign. Eight sunburn mitigation strategies were tested (silicon, foliar fertilization, water reinforcement, four sunscreens: Surround WP, Vegepron Sun, Agrowhite and Sunstop and a control modality without treatments) throughout the campaign. Production and quality parameters were obtained, as well as physiological aspects. Within these, the net photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, concentration of some non-enzymatic antioxidants and gene expression of genes coding heat shock proteins (HSPs) were analyzed. According to the results obtained, it is possible to verify that: the highest normalized productions were verified in Foliar nutrition, Agrowhite and Water reinforcement modalities (0.751 0.661 and 0.655 kg/cm2 of AST, respectively); fruits with higher ºBrix in Foliar nutrition, Silicon and Agrowhite modalities (14.1%, 13.8% and 13.6% of TSS, respectively); fruits with greater red pigmentation in the treatments with Sunstop, Foliar Nutrition and Agrowhite; As for photosynthesis, lower values were presented by Surround and Vegepron Sun, leading to higher SLA values. In general, most of the modalities presented the same or better performance compared to the control. However, it is worth mentioning the favorable results obtained for the treatment with Agrowhite, since it allowed to minimize the incidence of sunburn at harvest, providing fruits with the same or better quality compared to the control.
Fruit sunburn is a major economic problem in most apple-producing regions worldwide. Their losses can range from 10% to 50% of production. Bearing this in mind, there is a great need to study the effectiveness of the different sunburn prevention strategies, to help fruit growers to combat it. Therefore, the present study was carried out in an apple orchard 'Gala' (Malus domestica Borkh), clone 'Galaxy Selecta', belonging to INIAV, I.P. Alcobaça during the 2021 campaign. Eight sunburn mitigation strategies were tested (silicon, foliar fertilization, water reinforcement, four sunscreens: Surround WP, Vegepron Sun, Agrowhite and Sunstop and a control modality without treatments) throughout the campaign. Production and quality parameters were obtained, as well as physiological aspects. Within these, the net photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, concentration of some non-enzymatic antioxidants and gene expression of genes coding heat shock proteins (HSPs) were analyzed. According to the results obtained, it is possible to verify that: the highest normalized productions were verified in Foliar nutrition, Agrowhite and Water reinforcement modalities (0.751 0.661 and 0.655 kg/cm2 of AST, respectively); fruits with higher ºBrix in Foliar nutrition, Silicon and Agrowhite modalities (14.1%, 13.8% and 13.6% of TSS, respectively); fruits with greater red pigmentation in the treatments with Sunstop, Foliar Nutrition and Agrowhite; As for photosynthesis, lower values were presented by Surround and Vegepron Sun, leading to higher SLA values. In general, most of the modalities presented the same or better performance compared to the control. However, it is worth mentioning the favorable results obtained for the treatment with Agrowhite, since it allowed to minimize the incidence of sunburn at harvest, providing fruits with the same or better quality compared to the control.
Descrição
Mestrado em Engenharia Agronómica / Instituto Superior de Agronomia. Universidade de Lisboa
Palavras-chave
Malus domestica Borkh stress térmico trocas gasosas antioxidantes HSP heat stress gas exchange antioxidants
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Rodrigues, A.M.G.L. - Impacto de vários tratamentos na redução do escaldão solar em maçãs Gala, Lisboa: ISA, 2022, 109 p.