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Authors
Abstract(s)
O diagnóstico de doença oncológica e os seus tratamentos provocam um impacto
na qualidade de vida, no ajustamento conjugal e na imagem corporal dos pacientes,
dado o comprometimento a nível físico, psicológico e social decorrente de todo o
processo de doença. Assim, a doença oncológica é susceptível de afectar não só os
pacientes, mas igualmente os seus companheiros. O presente estudo, de natureza
exploratória e quantitativa, tem como objectivo avaliar a associação do diagnóstico e
dos tratamentos da doença oncológica na qualidade de vida e no ajustamento conjugal
dos (as) pacientes oncológicos (as) e dos (as) seus (suas) companheiros (as). O
ajustamento conjugal é avaliado tendo em conta duas fases distintas: a fase anterior e a
fase posterior ao conhecimento do diagnóstico. Pretende-se ainda explorar a associação
entre as preocupações dos (as) pacientes com a imagem corporal, decorrentes dos
tratamentos do cancro, a sua qualidade de vida e ajustamento conjugal.
Participaram na investigação 72 pacientes oncológicos (as) internados (as) nos
Serviços de Ginecologia e Cirurgia Geral do Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa
– Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG) e 26 companheiros (as). Esta amostra de participantes foi
avaliada pelos seguintes instrumentos de avaliação: RDAS, WHOQOL-Bref, FACT-G e
BIS. Este último instrumento apenas foi administrado aos pacientes.
Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram um ligeiro aumento do nível de ajustamento
conjugal na passagem da fase anterior para a fase posterior ao conhecimento do
diagnóstico, tanto para os (as) pacientes, como para os (as) companheiros (as). Os (as)
pacientes revelaram uma melhoria da estabilidade e do conflito na passagem da fase
anterior para a fase posterior ao conhecimento do diagnóstico. Os níveis de qualidade de
vida dos (as) pacientes também se revelaram positivos, à excepção do Domínio Físico e
da faceta geral da qualidade de vida, avaliados pelo WHOQOL-Bref, e do Bem-estar
Global, Bem-estar Emocional e Bem-estar Funcional avaliados pelo FACT-G. Os (as)
pacientes já submetidos a cirurgia reportaram uma qualidade de vida mais baixa em
relação aos (às) pacientes que ainda aguardavam pela mesma intervenção. Os resultados
obtidos revelaram ainda um nível moderado de preocupações com a imagem corporal
por parte dos (as) pacientes.
The diagnosis of an oncological disease and its treatment causes an impact on the quality of life, marital adjustment of patients and their body image, given the commitment to physical, psychological and social level of the entire disease process. Thus, the oncological disease is likely to affect not only patients but also their companions. This study of exploratory and quantitative nature aims to assess the association of the diagnosis and treatment of the oncological disease on the quality of life and marital adjustment of cancer patients and their companions. It should be noted that the marital adjustment is evaluated bearing in mind two distinct stages: the stage prior and the stage after the knowledge of the diagnosis. Another purpose of this study is to explore the association between patients' concerns about body image, resulting from cancer treatments, and their quality of life and marital adjustment. 72 hospitalized patients and 26 companions participated in this research at the Department of Gynecology and General Surgery of the Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Lisbon - Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG). This sample of participants was assessed by the following assessment tools: RDAS, WHOQOL-Bref, FACT-G and BIS. The latter instrument was administered only to the patients. The results showed a slight increase in the level of marital adjustment in the transition from the previous to the later stage of the knowledge of the diagnosis, both for patients and for their companions. The patients showed an improved stability and better handling of the conflict in the transition from the previous stage to the stage after the knowledge of the diagnosis. The levels of quality of life of patients also turned out to be positive, except for the Physical Domain and the general facet of quality of life assessed by the WHOQOL-Bref, and the overall well-being, emotional well-being and functional well-being assessed the FACT-G. Patients that undergone surgery have reported a lower quality of life compared to patients who have waited for the same intervention. The results also revealed a moderate level of concern by patients with their body image.
The diagnosis of an oncological disease and its treatment causes an impact on the quality of life, marital adjustment of patients and their body image, given the commitment to physical, psychological and social level of the entire disease process. Thus, the oncological disease is likely to affect not only patients but also their companions. This study of exploratory and quantitative nature aims to assess the association of the diagnosis and treatment of the oncological disease on the quality of life and marital adjustment of cancer patients and their companions. It should be noted that the marital adjustment is evaluated bearing in mind two distinct stages: the stage prior and the stage after the knowledge of the diagnosis. Another purpose of this study is to explore the association between patients' concerns about body image, resulting from cancer treatments, and their quality of life and marital adjustment. 72 hospitalized patients and 26 companions participated in this research at the Department of Gynecology and General Surgery of the Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Lisbon - Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG). This sample of participants was assessed by the following assessment tools: RDAS, WHOQOL-Bref, FACT-G and BIS. The latter instrument was administered only to the patients. The results showed a slight increase in the level of marital adjustment in the transition from the previous to the later stage of the knowledge of the diagnosis, both for patients and for their companions. The patients showed an improved stability and better handling of the conflict in the transition from the previous stage to the stage after the knowledge of the diagnosis. The levels of quality of life of patients also turned out to be positive, except for the Physical Domain and the general facet of quality of life assessed by the WHOQOL-Bref, and the overall well-being, emotional well-being and functional well-being assessed the FACT-G. Patients that undergone surgery have reported a lower quality of life compared to patients who have waited for the same intervention. The results also revealed a moderate level of concern by patients with their body image.
Description
Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde - Núcleo de Psicologia Clínica da Saúde e da Doença), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2011
Keywords
Doença oncológica Qualidade de vida - Portugal Ajustamento conjugal Imagem corporal Teses de mestrado - 2011