A carregar...
Publicação
Pressão sobre a água e a energia enquanto recursos na Região de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo: diagnóstico prospetivo
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.97 MB | Adobe PDF |
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A Eficiência Energética surgiu não só devido à necessidade de reduzir as tendências de
consumo, face à iminente escassez de recursos, mas também pelo facto do consumo abusivo desses
mesmos recursos colocarem em causa a qualidade de vida das gerações futuras (Brundtland, 1987). Nas
últimas duas décadas, começaram a ser desenvolvidas várias políticas e estratégias a fim de maximizar
o uso energético e reduzir o impacto das atividades humanas no meio ambiente, a fim de obter o máximo
potencial das fontes de energia disponíveis (Patterson, 1996).
Simultaneamente, a escassez de água e as alterações climáticas originam uma certa
preocupação. A promoção da Eficiência Hídrica nomeadamente através da prática de reutilização de
água, revela a importância da integração das boas práticas de gestão da água no combate aos períodos
de seca e de escassez de água, que tendem a ser cada vez mais frequentes e de maior intensidade
(Teixeira, 2015).
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo identificar um conjunto de indicadores de eficiência
energética e hídrica utilizados a nível regional pelo ciclo programático de 2014-2020, permitindo assim,
elaborar um diagnóstico prospetivo que focasse na análise dos níveis de utilização do recurso da Água
e da Energia como também nos principais fatores de pressão no consumo de água e energia responsáveis
pelas disparidades regionais, procurando identificar quais as estratégias implementadas e as medidas
que foram adotadas por algumas das empresas que apresentam um envolvimento direto para com o
problema da eficiência energética e no consumo de água na Região de Lisboa e Vale do Tejo. Para tal,
realizou-se um inquérito às Pequenas e Médias Empresas (PME), de forma a identificar que medidas e
estratégias de Eficiência Energética e Hídrica foram definidas para resolver esses mesmos problemas.
Desta forma, foi possível concluir que o setor secundário e terciário implementou não só o maior
número de sistemas de monitorização de consumo e de projetos relacionados com a eficiência energética
e hídrica, como também foram os que mais promoveram o desenvolvimento e implementação de novas
tecnologias e práticas de eficiência. Em relação às atividades do setor primário e secundário, estas foram
as que mais realizaram auditorias energéticas, como também foram as que mais investiram na
modernização e substituição dos seus equipamentos e processos produtivos por outros mais eficientes.
Porém, e apesar de todas as medidas e políticas aplicadas para atenuar as disparidades intrarregionais,
continuam a existir múltiplas adversidades como a forte dependência de recursos não renováveis, o
défice de autoprodução energética e hídrica das empresas, os custos elevados face à instalação de
equipamentos e mecanismos mais eficientes, e que ao qual faz-se questionar se o seguinte Ciclo
Programático (2021-2027), terá a eficácia e capacidade de não só continuar com o processo de mitigação
das adversidades ainda existentes, a fim de preparar o território para o paradigma das alterações
climáticas.
Energy Efficiency emerged not only due to the need to reduce consumption trends, given the imminent scarcity of resources, but also because the abusive consumption of these same resources put into question the quality of life of future generations (Brundtland, 1987). In the last two decades, several policies and strategies have begun to be developed to maximize energy use and reduce the impact of human activities on the environment, to obtain the maximum potential from available energy sources (Patterson, 1996). At the same time, water scarcity and climate change give rise to some concern. The promotion of Water Efficiency, namely the practice of reusing water, reveals the importance of integrating good water management practices in combating periods of drought and scarcity of greater each and greater each (Teixeira, 2015). The present work aims to identify a set of energy and water efficiency indicators used at regional level by the 2014-2020 program cycle, thus allowing for a prospective diagnosis that focused on analyzing the levels of use of the water resource. and Energy, as well as the main pressure factors in the consumption of water and energy responsible for regional disparities, seeking to identify which strategies have been implemented and the measures that have been adopted by some of the companies that have a direct involvement in the problem of energy efficiency and in water consumption in the Lisbon and Vale do Tejo region. To this end, a survey of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) was carried out to identify which measures and strategies for Energy and Water Efficiency were defined. Thus, it was possible to conclude that the secondary and tertiary sector implemented not only the largest number of consumption monitoring systems and projects related to energy and water efficiency, but also were the ones that most promoted the development and implementation of new technologies and efficiency practices. Regarding the activities of the primary and secondary sector, these were the ones that carried out the most energy audits, as well as the ones that invested the most in the modernization and replacement of their equipment and production processes with more efficient ones. However, despite all the measures and policies applied to alleviate intra-regional disparities, there are still multiple adversities such as the heavy dependence on non-renewable resources, the deficit of selfproduction of energy and water by companies, the high costs of installing equipment and more efficient mechanisms, which makes it questionable whether the next Programmatic Cycle (2021-2027) will have the effectiveness and capacity to not only continue with the process of mitigating the adversities that still exist, in order to prepare the territory for the paradigm climate change.
Energy Efficiency emerged not only due to the need to reduce consumption trends, given the imminent scarcity of resources, but also because the abusive consumption of these same resources put into question the quality of life of future generations (Brundtland, 1987). In the last two decades, several policies and strategies have begun to be developed to maximize energy use and reduce the impact of human activities on the environment, to obtain the maximum potential from available energy sources (Patterson, 1996). At the same time, water scarcity and climate change give rise to some concern. The promotion of Water Efficiency, namely the practice of reusing water, reveals the importance of integrating good water management practices in combating periods of drought and scarcity of greater each and greater each (Teixeira, 2015). The present work aims to identify a set of energy and water efficiency indicators used at regional level by the 2014-2020 program cycle, thus allowing for a prospective diagnosis that focused on analyzing the levels of use of the water resource. and Energy, as well as the main pressure factors in the consumption of water and energy responsible for regional disparities, seeking to identify which strategies have been implemented and the measures that have been adopted by some of the companies that have a direct involvement in the problem of energy efficiency and in water consumption in the Lisbon and Vale do Tejo region. To this end, a survey of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) was carried out to identify which measures and strategies for Energy and Water Efficiency were defined. Thus, it was possible to conclude that the secondary and tertiary sector implemented not only the largest number of consumption monitoring systems and projects related to energy and water efficiency, but also were the ones that most promoted the development and implementation of new technologies and efficiency practices. Regarding the activities of the primary and secondary sector, these were the ones that carried out the most energy audits, as well as the ones that invested the most in the modernization and replacement of their equipment and production processes with more efficient ones. However, despite all the measures and policies applied to alleviate intra-regional disparities, there are still multiple adversities such as the heavy dependence on non-renewable resources, the deficit of selfproduction of energy and water by companies, the high costs of installing equipment and more efficient mechanisms, which makes it questionable whether the next Programmatic Cycle (2021-2027) will have the effectiveness and capacity to not only continue with the process of mitigating the adversities that still exist, in order to prepare the territory for the paradigm climate change.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Eficiência Energética Eficiência Hídrica Economia Circular Desenvolvimento Sustentável Diagnóstico Prospetivo