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Publicação
Políticas Públicas de Imigração em Portugal: o caso dos estudantes brasileiros no ensino superior português de 2008 a 2018
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Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Esta investigação analisa o fenómeno da migração estudantil sob o prisma das políticas
públicas; identifica como os fatores de atração e/ou retração, em função das ações dos
Estados, têm contribuído para o acréscimo de estudantes em mobilidade de grau. Em
Portugal cresce o número de estudantes brasileiros inscritos no ensino superior português,
em relação ao total de estudantes estrangeiros em mobilidade de 24,6% (2013/2014) para
31,1% em 2017/18. A mobilidade estudantil que pode inicialmente ter como motivação a
melhoria do currículo ou experiência cultural pode se transformar até mesmo na fixação
de mão de obra qualificada. Neste último caso, de interesse especial para os países da
Europa, que convivem com uma realidade de população envelhecida, baixa taxa de
fecundidade, escassez de trabalhadores e a própria insustentabilidade no sistema de
pensões. Apesar da crescente importância destas questões, tem sido desenvolvida pouca
investigação nesta área. Este estudo é desenvolvido com métodos mistos, dados
quantitativos do SEF e da DGEEC e dados qualitativos de entrevistas semiestruturadas
(n = 24), com a perceção dos estudantes brasileiros sobre o processo de migração
estudantil e a oferta de vagas em Portugal. Os resultados indicam a continuidade do
crescimento do fluxo de estudantes brasileiros. Das entrevistas surge como o fator principal de atração a partilha da língua, além do ideário de qualidade de vida em
Portugal. Entretanto, a violência e a incerteza política no Brasil foram motivações a mais
para a migração. Os estudantes sugerem políticas públicas mais direcionadas para a
melhor adaptação e sustentabilidade do movimento, que em contexto de Pandemia se
torna ainda mais desafiador. Eles destacam a necessidade de políticas antidiscriminação
e a importância do apoio das universidades principalmente nas questões inicias da
mobilidade, mas também, ao longo de todo o processo.
This investigation examines the phenomenon of student migration from the perspective of public policies; identifies how the factors of attraction and / or retraction, depending on the actions of the States, have contributed to the increase of students in degree mobility. In Portugal the number of Brazilian students enrolled in Portuguese higher education increased, in relation to the total of foreign students in mobility from 24.6% (2013/2014) to 31.1% in 2017/18. Student mobility, which may initially be motivated by the improvement of the curriculum or cultural experience, can become even the establishment of qualified labour. In the latter case, of special interest to the European countries, which have an ageing population, low fertility rate, shortage of workers and the challenge of the sustainability of the pension system. Despite the growing importance of these issues, there is a dearth of research in this area. This study is developed with mixed methods, quantitative data from SEF and DGEEC and qualitative data from semistructured interviews (n = 24), with the perception of Brazilian students about the student migration process and the offer of places in Portugal. The results indicate the continued growth in the flow of Brazilian students. From the interviews, it emerges as the main factor of attraction for language sharing, and the idea of quality of life in Portugal. However, violence and political uncertainty in Brazil were additional motivations for migration. The students suggest public policies that are more directed towards better adaptation and sustainability of mobility, which in the context of Pandemic becomes even more challenging. They highlight the need for anti-discrimination policies and the importance of university support, especially in the initial issues of mobility, but also, throughout the process.
This investigation examines the phenomenon of student migration from the perspective of public policies; identifies how the factors of attraction and / or retraction, depending on the actions of the States, have contributed to the increase of students in degree mobility. In Portugal the number of Brazilian students enrolled in Portuguese higher education increased, in relation to the total of foreign students in mobility from 24.6% (2013/2014) to 31.1% in 2017/18. Student mobility, which may initially be motivated by the improvement of the curriculum or cultural experience, can become even the establishment of qualified labour. In the latter case, of special interest to the European countries, which have an ageing population, low fertility rate, shortage of workers and the challenge of the sustainability of the pension system. Despite the growing importance of these issues, there is a dearth of research in this area. This study is developed with mixed methods, quantitative data from SEF and DGEEC and qualitative data from semistructured interviews (n = 24), with the perception of Brazilian students about the student migration process and the offer of places in Portugal. The results indicate the continued growth in the flow of Brazilian students. From the interviews, it emerges as the main factor of attraction for language sharing, and the idea of quality of life in Portugal. However, violence and political uncertainty in Brazil were additional motivations for migration. The students suggest public policies that are more directed towards better adaptation and sustainability of mobility, which in the context of Pandemic becomes even more challenging. They highlight the need for anti-discrimination policies and the importance of university support, especially in the initial issues of mobility, but also, throughout the process.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão e Políticas Públicas
Palavras-chave
Política de Imigração Mobilidade Estudantil Internacional Ensino Superior Brasil Portugal Métodos Mistos Immigration Policy International Student Mobility Higher Education Brazil Portugal Mixed Methods
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas