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Justiça material e administração pública : o princípio da justiça como fundamento do direito administrativo
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Abstract(s)
Nesta dissertação tento aportar ao conhecimento humano um contributo heterodoxo que parte de pressupostos diferenciados, como a politicidade do Direito (e sua integração nas Humanidades, de mão dadas com a Filosofia, a História, a Sociologia e a Literatura), e a necessidade democrática premente de uma progressividade material económica e social.
Para conhecer o significado do “princípio da justiça” no Direito Administrativo, visarei a definição tradicional (aristotélico-tomista) de justiça - “suum cuique tribuere” - e farei por apresentar uma proposta alternativa, tendo em conta o contributo dos pensadores modernos e contemporâneos, do contratualismo de Rousseau à visão política de Rawls, passando pelo liberalismo clássico de Stuart Mill - o de justiça material. Critico a
paradigmática visão jurisprudencial nacional, conservadora e minimalista, que observa à distância o princípio da justiça e dele abusa como muleta discursiva.
Apresento este meu estudo também como contestação esperançosa ao formalismo legalista e ao positivismo jurídico que, após o século dos totalitarismos, continua a moldar o estudo e a aplicação do (in) justo no Direito, em particular no Direito Administrativo. Chegarei à conclusão radical de que o chamado princípio da justiça é,
afinal, o fundamento histórico e político do Direito Administrativo.
In this dissertation, I try to provide to human knowledge a heterodox contribution from different presuppositions, such as the social and political view of Law (and its integration in the Humanities, hand in hand with Philosophy, History, Sociology and Literature), and the compelling democratic need of a material justice, related to economic and social progressivity. In order to understand the meaning of the "principle of justice" in Administrative Law, I will focus on the traditional (Aristotelian-Thomist) definition of justice - "suum cuique tribuere" - and I shall deliver an alternative proposal, taking into account the contribution of modern and contemporary thinkers, from Rousseau's contractualism to Rawls's political vision, through Stuart Mill's classic liberalism – the one of material justice. I criticize the national paradigmatic, conservative and minimalist jurisprudential view, which observes from a distance the principle of justice and abuses it as a discursive crutch. I also submit my study as a hopeful challenge to legal formalism and to legal positivism which, after the century of totalitarianisms, continues to shape the study and application of the (un) fair in Public Law. I will come to the radical conclusion that the so-called principle of justice is, after all, the historical and political foundation of Administrative Law.
In this dissertation, I try to provide to human knowledge a heterodox contribution from different presuppositions, such as the social and political view of Law (and its integration in the Humanities, hand in hand with Philosophy, History, Sociology and Literature), and the compelling democratic need of a material justice, related to economic and social progressivity. In order to understand the meaning of the "principle of justice" in Administrative Law, I will focus on the traditional (Aristotelian-Thomist) definition of justice - "suum cuique tribuere" - and I shall deliver an alternative proposal, taking into account the contribution of modern and contemporary thinkers, from Rousseau's contractualism to Rawls's political vision, through Stuart Mill's classic liberalism – the one of material justice. I criticize the national paradigmatic, conservative and minimalist jurisprudential view, which observes from a distance the principle of justice and abuses it as a discursive crutch. I also submit my study as a hopeful challenge to legal formalism and to legal positivism which, after the century of totalitarianisms, continues to shape the study and application of the (un) fair in Public Law. I will come to the radical conclusion that the so-called principle of justice is, after all, the historical and political foundation of Administrative Law.
Description
Keywords
Direito administrativo Administração pública Justiça Moral Teses de mestrado - 2018