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Utilização do sistema Holter em coelhos domésticos
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O sistema Holter é um instrumento útil no diagnóstico e monitorização de doenças cardíacas, mas a sua utilização em Medicina Veterinária ainda é bastante limitada. Este estudo teve como objetivo o uso do sistema Holter para a obtenção e leitura do eletrocardiograma de coelhos domésticos saudáveis, fora do ambiente clínico habitual.
Oito coelhos foram incluídos. Após colocação do aparelho Holter, estes foram isolados numa jaula, sem contacto com humanos ou outros animais.
Os animais demonstraram uma boa adaptação ao aparelho e aos materiais de proteção deste, mantendo comportamentos indicativos de bem-estar.
Foi obtido um registo eletrocardiográfico de boa qualidade em todos os coelhos. Observou-se um ritmo sinusal normal em todos eles. A frequência cardíaca mínima revelou-se inferior ao que é normalmente registado em literatura, variando entre 75 e 156 (mediana = 129) bpm nos coelhos deste estudo. A frequência cardíaca máxima variou entre 240 e 304 (mediana = 272) bpm e a frequência cardíaca média variou entre 125 e 180 (mediana = 158) bpm.
A frequência cardíaca média diferiu significativamente entre sexos, tendo os machos registado frequências superiores às fêmeas. Observaram-se complexos prematuros ventriculares (CPV) isolados em três coelhos (3/8), todos eles machos. O número de complexos variou entre 1 e 17 num período de 6 horas. Destes machos, dois (2/8) apresentaram também 1 CPV duplo. Foram observados 2 complexos prematuros supraventriculares num coelho (1/8).
Este estudo demonstra que a frequência cardíaca dos coelhos deverá ser inferior ao considerado normal na literatura atual, quando não estão a ser manipulados, e complexos prematuros ventriculares e supraventriculares podem ocorrer infrequentemente em coelhos saudáveis.
ABSTRACT - Use of the Holter System on Pet Rabbits - The Holter system is a useful tool in the diagnosis and monitoring of heart disease, but its use in Veterinary Medicine is still quite limited. The present study’s objective was to use the Holter system in order to obtain and interpret the electrocardiogram of healthy pet rabbits, outside the usual clinical environment. Eight rabbits were included. After securing the Holter device, these rabbits were kept in a cage, with no contact from humans or other animals. The animals displayed a good adaptation to the device and its protection layers, maintaining behaviours indicative of their well-being. Good quality electrocardiographic registrations were obtained from all rabbits. Normal sinus rhythm was present in all rabbits. The minimum heart rate revealed itself to be inferior to what is usually found in literature, varying between 75 and 156 (median = 129) bpm in the rabbits of this study. The maximum heart rate varied between 240 and 304 (median = 272) bpm and the mean heart rate varied between 125 and 180 (median = 158) bpm. The mean heart rate differed significantly between genders, with males registering higher rates than females. Isolated ventricular premature complexes (VPC) were observed in three rabbits (3/8), all of which were male. The number of complexes ranged from 1 to 17 in a span of 6 hours. Of these males, two (2/8) also presented 1 paired VPC. One rabbit (1/8) had 2 supraventricular premature complexes. This study shows that the heart rate of rabbits is probably much lower than what’s considered normal in current literature, when they’re not being handled, and ventricular and supraventricular premature complexes may occur infrequently in healthy rabbits.
ABSTRACT - Use of the Holter System on Pet Rabbits - The Holter system is a useful tool in the diagnosis and monitoring of heart disease, but its use in Veterinary Medicine is still quite limited. The present study’s objective was to use the Holter system in order to obtain and interpret the electrocardiogram of healthy pet rabbits, outside the usual clinical environment. Eight rabbits were included. After securing the Holter device, these rabbits were kept in a cage, with no contact from humans or other animals. The animals displayed a good adaptation to the device and its protection layers, maintaining behaviours indicative of their well-being. Good quality electrocardiographic registrations were obtained from all rabbits. Normal sinus rhythm was present in all rabbits. The minimum heart rate revealed itself to be inferior to what is usually found in literature, varying between 75 and 156 (median = 129) bpm in the rabbits of this study. The maximum heart rate varied between 240 and 304 (median = 272) bpm and the mean heart rate varied between 125 and 180 (median = 158) bpm. The mean heart rate differed significantly between genders, with males registering higher rates than females. Isolated ventricular premature complexes (VPC) were observed in three rabbits (3/8), all of which were male. The number of complexes ranged from 1 to 17 in a span of 6 hours. Of these males, two (2/8) also presented 1 paired VPC. One rabbit (1/8) had 2 supraventricular premature complexes. This study shows that the heart rate of rabbits is probably much lower than what’s considered normal in current literature, when they’re not being handled, and ventricular and supraventricular premature complexes may occur infrequently in healthy rabbits.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Coelho (oryctolagus) electrocardiografia arritmia frequência cardíaca rabbit (oryctolagus) electrocardiography arrhythmia heart rate
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Carvalho TDSM 2019. Utilização do sistema holter em coelhos domésticos. [dissertação de mestrado]. Lisboa: FMV-Universidade de Lisboa
Editora
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária