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The role of sports as a precipitating factor of subarachnoid haemorrhage
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Resumo(s)
A hemorragia subaracnoideia (HSA) corresponde a uma pequena parte dos casos de Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC), mas é importante em termos de mortalidade e morbilidade. Apesar de o exercício físico regular ser um fator protetor de AVC, alguns
casos de HSA têm sido associados a atividade física intensa, nomeadamente desporto.
Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever a associação entre HSA e desporto e identificar os desportos mais frequentemente precipitantes nos registos de um centro.
Foi colhida informação de um registo prospetivo e de notas de alta de doentes com HSA
aguda admitidos na Unidade de AVC do Hospital de Santa Maria, em Lisboa, entre 1995 e 2014.
738 doentes foram incluídos na análise, em que 9 casos (1.2%) estavam associados com desporto, nomeadamente corrida (dois casos), aeróbica (dois casos), ciclismo, body balance, dança, surf e windsurf, e foram internados nas primeiras 24 horas.
Os nossos achados indicam que a HSA precipitada por desporto é muito rara e infrequentemente relacionada com trauma. Doentes que sofreram HSA relacionada com
desporto eram mais novos e tinham, aparentemente, uma apresentação clínica menos grave.
Estudos futuros com mais casos de desporto são necessários para determinar o impacto
do desporto no desenvolvimento de HSA.
Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) covers a small part of stroke cases, yet is important in terms of mortality and morbidity. Although regular physical activity is a protective factor for stroke, some cases of SAH have been associated with vigorous physical activity, including sports. Our research aimed to describe the association between SAH and sports and to identify the sports that were more frequently found as precipitating factors in a tertiary single centre SAH register. We retrieved information from a prospectively collected SAH registry and reviewed discharge notes of acute SAH patients admitted to the Stroke Unit of Hospital de Santa Maria, in Lisbon, between 1995 and 2014. 738 patients were included in the analysis, in which 9 cases (1.2%) were associated with sports, namely running (two cases), aerobics (two cases), cycling, body balance, dance, surf and windsurf, and were admitted within the first 24 hours. Our findings indicate that SAH precipitated by sports is very rare and infrequently related to trauma. Patients who suffer SAH related to sports are younger and apparently had a milder presentation. Further studies with more cases of sports are needed to determine the impact sports have on the development of SAH.
Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) covers a small part of stroke cases, yet is important in terms of mortality and morbidity. Although regular physical activity is a protective factor for stroke, some cases of SAH have been associated with vigorous physical activity, including sports. Our research aimed to describe the association between SAH and sports and to identify the sports that were more frequently found as precipitating factors in a tertiary single centre SAH register. We retrieved information from a prospectively collected SAH registry and reviewed discharge notes of acute SAH patients admitted to the Stroke Unit of Hospital de Santa Maria, in Lisbon, between 1995 and 2014. 738 patients were included in the analysis, in which 9 cases (1.2%) were associated with sports, namely running (two cases), aerobics (two cases), cycling, body balance, dance, surf and windsurf, and were admitted within the first 24 hours. Our findings indicate that SAH precipitated by sports is very rare and infrequently related to trauma. Patients who suffer SAH related to sports are younger and apparently had a milder presentation. Further studies with more cases of sports are needed to determine the impact sports have on the development of SAH.
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2015
Palavras-chave
Hemorragia subaracnóidea Desporto Corrida Aeróbica Ciclismo Body balance