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As especificidades da formação em empresas portuguesas exportadoras
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A internacionalização das empresas constitui um efeito do fenómeno da globalização, característica da actual economia mundial. As empresas internacionalizadas necessitam de dispor de funcionários com competências que lhes permitam serem bem-sucedidas e diferenciarem-se no mercado. Num mundo em que é consensual que os recursos humanos são o motor das organizações, importa desenvolvê-los e torna-los cada vez mais produtivos. O investimento no desenvolvimento dos recursos humanos nas empresas internacionalizadas é, aliás, particularmente estratégico, na medida em que minimiza as dificuldades que surgem no lidar com mercados e realidades diferentes das que caracterizam o país de origem. Consequentemente, tal investimento contribui decisivamente para o incremento do desempenho e da competitividade das organizações.
A presente investigação debruça-se sobre empresas exportadoras e as especificidades da formação neste tipo de empresas. O principal objectivo é analisar de que forma o facto de as empresas exportadoras estarem inseridas no mercado internacional afecta a formação desenvolvida junto dos funcionários envolvidos no processo de exportação. A investigação foi direccionada para as 30 maiores empresas exportadoras portuguesas sediadas na área de Lisboa, tendo sido adoptada uma metodologia exploratória, qualitativa, mais concretamente a técnica da entrevista. Do referido universo de empresas, foi possível entrevistar 11 representantes da Gestão de Recursos Humanos, área responsável pelas questões de formação.
Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que, de facto, a formação desenvolvida neste tipo de empresas é influenciada pelo facto de estas operarem a nível internacional, uma vez que os conteúdos são direccionados para temas relevantes neste âmbito. Foi igualmente possível analisar as perspectivas da Gestão de Recursos Humanos acerca do que consideram ser os procedimentos mais adequados em termos da formação a desenvolver em empresas exportadoras de modo geral, assim como caracterizar as práticas de formação existentes nas empresas estudadas. Pôde-se, pois, comparar o que as empresas consideram ser o ideal e aquilo que, de facto, caracteriza a sua prática.
The internationalization of enterprises is an effect of the phenomenon of globalization, a characteristic of the current world economy. Internationalized enterprises need to have skillful employees in order to be successful and differentiated in the market. In a world where there is consensus that human resources are the motor of organizations, it is necessary to develop and make them increasingly productive. The investment in the development of human resources in internationalized enterprises is particularly strategic because it minimizes the difficulties that arise in dealing with different markets and different realities from those of the country of origin. Consequently, it also contributes to enhancing the performance and competitiveness of organizations. This research focuses on exporting enterprises and the specificities of the training in this type of companies. The main objective relates to analyze how the training of employees involved in the export process is affected by the fact that exporting enterprises are integrated into the international market. The research was directed to the 30 largest exporting portuguese enterprises based in Lisbon and a qualitative methodology was adopted, namely the interview technique. We were able to interview representatives of the Human Resources Management (the area responsible for the training issues) of 11 of the intended companies. The results showed that the training developed in this type of enterprises is influenced by the fact that they operate internationally, since its contents are directed to relevant issues in this area. It was also possible to analyze the prospects of Human Resource Management about what they regard as the most appropriate in terms of training to be developed in exporting enterprises in general, as well as to characterize the existing training practices in the studied enterprises. It was possible to compare what enterprises consider to be the ideal and what, in fact, characterizes their practice.
The internationalization of enterprises is an effect of the phenomenon of globalization, a characteristic of the current world economy. Internationalized enterprises need to have skillful employees in order to be successful and differentiated in the market. In a world where there is consensus that human resources are the motor of organizations, it is necessary to develop and make them increasingly productive. The investment in the development of human resources in internationalized enterprises is particularly strategic because it minimizes the difficulties that arise in dealing with different markets and different realities from those of the country of origin. Consequently, it also contributes to enhancing the performance and competitiveness of organizations. This research focuses on exporting enterprises and the specificities of the training in this type of companies. The main objective relates to analyze how the training of employees involved in the export process is affected by the fact that exporting enterprises are integrated into the international market. The research was directed to the 30 largest exporting portuguese enterprises based in Lisbon and a qualitative methodology was adopted, namely the interview technique. We were able to interview representatives of the Human Resources Management (the area responsible for the training issues) of 11 of the intended companies. The results showed that the training developed in this type of enterprises is influenced by the fact that they operate internationally, since its contents are directed to relevant issues in this area. It was also possible to analyze the prospects of Human Resource Management about what they regard as the most appropriate in terms of training to be developed in exporting enterprises in general, as well as to characterize the existing training practices in the studied enterprises. It was possible to compare what enterprises consider to be the ideal and what, in fact, characterizes their practice.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Sociologia das Organizações e do Trabalho
Palavras-chave
Globalização Internacionalização Exportação Formação Desempenho Vantagem competitiva Globalization Internationalization Exporting Training Performance Competitive advantage
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas