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Abstract(s)
A reciprocidade é um conceito largamente utilizado na Sociologia e na Antropologia, mas que nunca atraiu a atenção dos economistas do modelo-padrão. Dos inícios do século XX até aos anos 80, o uso do conceito na esfera económica cingiu-se à Teoria do Comércio Internacional. No entanto, evoluções recentes ao nível da Economia Experimental e da Teoria dos Jogos tornaram possível a apresentação de um modelo unificado para a compreensão da reciprocidade. Mesmo sendo verdade que estas abordagens se caracterizam por uma sub-teorização que reduz o âmbito das suas aplicações, vale a pena salientar que elas oferecem um novo e promissor campo de pesquisa que pode ser facilmente considerado como uma importante contribuição para a teoria sociológica. Neste documento de trabalho, considerarei que os jogos de ultimatum, ditador, ou de confiança podem ser uma fonte de informação para a edificação de uma teoria unificada da reciprocidade, capaz de explicar quer os comportamentos de dádiva, quer os comportamentos de retaliação.
Reciprocity is a widely used concept in Sociology and Anthropology, but that was never capable of seducing mainstream Economics. From the beginning of the XXth century until the 1980's, the use of the concept in Economics has been limited to International Trade Theory. However, recent developments in Experimental Economics and Game Theory made it possible to present a unified approach to the understanding of reciprocity. Even if these approaches suffer from an under theorization that reduces the scope of their applications, it is worth noticing that they offer a promising new field of research that can easily be considered as a major contribution to sociological theory. In this paper, I'll argue that ultimatum, dictator, and trust games can be a major source of information to a unified theory of reciprocity capable of explaining both gift and retaliation behaviors.
Reciprocity is a widely used concept in Sociology and Anthropology, but that was never capable of seducing mainstream Economics. From the beginning of the XXth century until the 1980's, the use of the concept in Economics has been limited to International Trade Theory. However, recent developments in Experimental Economics and Game Theory made it possible to present a unified approach to the understanding of reciprocity. Even if these approaches suffer from an under theorization that reduces the scope of their applications, it is worth noticing that they offer a promising new field of research that can easily be considered as a major contribution to sociological theory. In this paper, I'll argue that ultimatum, dictator, and trust games can be a major source of information to a unified theory of reciprocity capable of explaining both gift and retaliation behaviors.
Description
Keywords
Economia experimental Teoria sociológica Ciências sociais Teoria dos jogos Experimental Economics Sociological Theory Social Sciences Game Theory
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Marques, Rafael. 2001. "Economia experimental e reciprocidade : uma meta-análise". Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão – SOCIUS Working papers nº 02/2001
Publisher
ISEG - SOCIUS