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O dever de proteção dos refugiados climáticos
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O impacto das mudanças climáticas tem um efeito significativo na qualidade de vida humana e nas condições essenciais de desenvolvimento. Isso frequentemente leva ao deslocamento da população, comumente referida como Refugiados Ambientais ou Refugiados Climáticos. Entretanto, de acordo com os parâmetros atuais da Convenção de Genebra, essas pessoas não se qualificam para o status de refugiados. O propósito dessa pesquisa é analisar como outros ramos do Direito Internacional, como o Direito Internacional Ambiental e os Direitos Humanos, podem atender às necessidades urgentes de proteção dos Refugiados Climáticos, salvaguardando suas garantias fundamentais em uma forma complementar de proteção. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa examina as complexidades e implicações da interseção entre questões ambientais e direitos humanos, explorando especificamente a necessidade e a viabilidade de estabelecer um instrumento para a proteção efetiva e duradoura dos indivíduos, examinando as disposições legais incorporadas ao Direito Internacional dos Refugiados. Para isso será traçada a sua evolução com o intuito de entender as adaptações necessárias para reconhecer essa nova categoria de migração internacional. Além disso, busca-se investigar os mecanismos do direito ambiental internacional, incluindo o Princípio da Responsabilidade Comum, Porém Diferenciada, a Solidariedade Intergeracional, e o dever transnacional de proteger o meio ambiente. Essa exploração interdisciplinar avalia o potencial desses mecanismos para servir como base para medidas de proteção imediatas dentro da estrutura jurídica existente, para assim verificar os benefícios e desafios da criação de um estatuto próprio para os Refugiados Climáticos.
The impact of climate change has a significant effect on the quality of human life and the essential conditions for development. This often leads to the displacement of the population, commonly referred to as Environmental Refugees or Climate Refugees. However, according to the current parameters of the Geneva Convention, these people do not qualify for refugee status. The purpose of this research is to analyse how other branches of International Law, such as International Environmental Law and Human Rights Law, can meet the urgent protection needs of climate refugees, safeguarding their fundamental guarantees in a complementary form of protection. In this sense, the research examines the complexities and implications of the intersection between environmental issues and human rights, specifically exploring the need and feasibility of establishing an instrument for the effective and lasting protection of individuals, examining the legal provisions incorporated into International Refugee Law. To this end, its evolution will be traced in order to understand the adaptations needed to recognise this new category of international migration. In addition, it seeks to investigate the mechanisms of International Environmental Law, including the Principle of Common but Differentiated Responsibility, Intergenerational Solidarity, and the transnational duty to protect the environment. This interdisciplinary exploration evaluates the potential of these mechanisms to serve as a basis for immediate protection measures within the existing legal framework, in order to ascertain the benefits and challenges of creating a separate status for Climate Refugees.
The impact of climate change has a significant effect on the quality of human life and the essential conditions for development. This often leads to the displacement of the population, commonly referred to as Environmental Refugees or Climate Refugees. However, according to the current parameters of the Geneva Convention, these people do not qualify for refugee status. The purpose of this research is to analyse how other branches of International Law, such as International Environmental Law and Human Rights Law, can meet the urgent protection needs of climate refugees, safeguarding their fundamental guarantees in a complementary form of protection. In this sense, the research examines the complexities and implications of the intersection between environmental issues and human rights, specifically exploring the need and feasibility of establishing an instrument for the effective and lasting protection of individuals, examining the legal provisions incorporated into International Refugee Law. To this end, its evolution will be traced in order to understand the adaptations needed to recognise this new category of international migration. In addition, it seeks to investigate the mechanisms of International Environmental Law, including the Principle of Common but Differentiated Responsibility, Intergenerational Solidarity, and the transnational duty to protect the environment. This interdisciplinary exploration evaluates the potential of these mechanisms to serve as a basis for immediate protection measures within the existing legal framework, in order to ascertain the benefits and challenges of creating a separate status for Climate Refugees.
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Refugiados ambientais Alterações climáticas Direitos fundamentais Direito ambiental Direito transnacional Teses de mestrado - 2024 Climate refugees Climate Changes Fundamental rights Environmental law Transnational law