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Prevalência da doença periodontal em doentes adultos diagnosticados com doença de Alzheimer
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A associação entre as doenças periodontais e as doenças sistémicas tem sido estudada nas últimas décadas e, desde os anos 80 tem havido um interesse crescente na relação entre periodontite e a doenças de Alzheimer. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se a doença periodontal e mais prevalente em doentes adultos com diagnostico de doença de Alzheimer quando comparados com doentes adultos sem doença de Alzheimer. Foram incluídos 72 indivíduos. A amostra do grupo teste foi constituída por 36 doentes diagnosticados com doença de Alzheimer e a amostra do grupo controlo foi constituída por 36 doentes sem doença de Alzheimer, emparelhados para a idade, género e outros fatores de confusão. A Classificação de Doenças e Condições Periodontais e Peri- Implantares, proposta pela Associação Americana de Periodontologia e pela Federação Europeia de Periodontologia, foi utilizada para determinar o diagnostico da doença periodontal. Além disso, foi realizada analise microbiológica utilizando uma amostra de placa bacteriana subgengival para identificar as seguintes bactérias - Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Eikenella corrodens e Campylobacter rectus. Observaram-se diferenças estatisticamente significativas na extensão da periodontite (generalizada/localizada) entre os dois grupos estudados o grupo teste apresentava mais doentes com periodontite generalizada quando comparado com o grupo controlo, 56,3% e 82,4% respetivamente (p=0,021). Não foi encontrada relação entre o estádio da periodontite e a gravidade dos estádios da doença de Alzheimer, porem foram detetadas diferenças significativas entre os dois grupos na prevalência dos seguintes microrganismos - Prevotella intermedia (p=0,022). Campylobacter rectus (p=0,011) Fusobacterium nucleatum (p<0,001) Eikenella corrodens (p=0,005). Embora o grupo teste tenha apresentado uma maior prevalência de periodontite em comparação com o grupo controlo (94,4% e 88,9%, respetivamente), a diferença entre os grupos não foi estatisticamente significativa.
The association between periodontal diseases and systemic diseases has been studied over the past few decades, and since the 1980s, there has been growing interest in the relationship between periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this study was to assess whether periodontal disease is more prevalent in adult patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease compared to adult patients without Alzheimer's disease. A total of 72 individuals were included. The test group consisted of 36 patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, while the control group consisted of 36 patients without Alzheimer's disease, matched for age, gender, and other confounding factors. The Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions, proposed by the American Academy of Periodontology and the European Federation of Periodontology, was used to determine the diagnosis of periodontal disease. Additionally, microbiological analysis was performed using a subgingival plaque sample to identify the following bacteria: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Eikenella corrodens, and Campylobacter rectus. Statistically significant differences were observed in the extent of periodontitis (generalized/localized) between the two groups studied. The test group had more patients with generalized periodontitis compared to the control group, 56.3% and 82.4%, respectively. No relationship was found between the stage of periodontitis and the severity stages of Alzheimer's disease; however, significant differences were detected between the test and control groups in the prevalence of the following microorganisms: Prevotella intermedia (p=0.022), Campylobacter rectus (p=0.011), Fusobacterium nucleatum (p<0.001), Eikenella corrodens (p=0.005). Although the test group showed a higher prevalence of periodontitis compared to the control group (94.4% and 88.9%, respectively), the difference between groups was not statistically significant.
The association between periodontal diseases and systemic diseases has been studied over the past few decades, and since the 1980s, there has been growing interest in the relationship between periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this study was to assess whether periodontal disease is more prevalent in adult patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease compared to adult patients without Alzheimer's disease. A total of 72 individuals were included. The test group consisted of 36 patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, while the control group consisted of 36 patients without Alzheimer's disease, matched for age, gender, and other confounding factors. The Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions, proposed by the American Academy of Periodontology and the European Federation of Periodontology, was used to determine the diagnosis of periodontal disease. Additionally, microbiological analysis was performed using a subgingival plaque sample to identify the following bacteria: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Eikenella corrodens, and Campylobacter rectus. Statistically significant differences were observed in the extent of periodontitis (generalized/localized) between the two groups studied. The test group had more patients with generalized periodontitis compared to the control group, 56.3% and 82.4%, respectively. No relationship was found between the stage of periodontitis and the severity stages of Alzheimer's disease; however, significant differences were detected between the test and control groups in the prevalence of the following microorganisms: Prevotella intermedia (p=0.022), Campylobacter rectus (p=0.011), Fusobacterium nucleatum (p<0.001), Eikenella corrodens (p=0.005). Although the test group showed a higher prevalence of periodontitis compared to the control group (94.4% and 88.9%, respectively), the difference between groups was not statistically significant.
Descrição
Tese de doutoramento em Medicina Dentária (Periodontologia), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, 2026.
Palavras-chave
Periodontal Disease Periodontitis Alzheimer's Disease Doença Periodontal Periodontite Doença de Alzheimer