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Regulação, supervisão e qualidade da auditoria financeira nas entidades de interesse público, no contexto da União Europeia
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A sucessão de escândalos financeiros ocorridos no início do milénio, sobretudo pelo enfoque que foi colocado nas falhas dos auditores financeiros, descredibilizou consideravelmente a auditoria financeira. Observaram-se, desde então, múltiplas tentativas dos governos e dos principais reguladores, para reestabelecer a confiança no trabalho dos auditores, através de medidas de regulação da sua atividade e da respetiva supervisão. A recente regulação da auditoria na União Europeia, vigente em todos os Estados Membros desde 2016, constitui, igualmente, uma tentativa de incremento da competência e independência dos auditores, mas sobretudo de restituição da sua imagem de credibilidade.
Tomando por base a nova regulação, a presente investigação tem como propósito identificar em que medida essas características da regulação e da supervisão estão associadas à qualidade efetiva e percebida da auditoria financeira no contexto da UE, no âmbito das entidades de interesse público.
A investigação centrou-se na qualidade da auditoria nas suas duas dimensões – efetiva e percebida – tendo a respetiva mensuração sido efetuada com recurso às proxies qualidade do relato financeiro, através do nível de gestão dos resultados e impacto de opiniões qualificadas nos custos de financiamento.
A evidência obtida não corrobora todas as opções da nova regulação, na medida em que nem todas apresentam associação positiva com a qualidade da auditoria e permite consolidar a perspetiva de que o balanceamento entre a competência e a independência, não constitui o único desafio no contexto da regulação e supervisão da atividade dos auditores. A evidência permite concluir que é preciso, também, manter em equilíbrio as duas dimensões da qualidade da auditoria: a efetiva e a percebida, constituindo o maior desafio, enquadrar os aspetos de efeito inverso entre estes dois contextos. Obteve-se, ainda, evidência da inexistência de efeito significativo no que concerne ao facto de a auditoria ser ou não efetuada por uma das Big 4.
The sequence of financial scandals at the beginning of the millennium, mainly due to the focus placed on the failures of auditors, considerably damaged the credibility of financial audit. Since then, governs and regulators have made several efforts in order to re-establish the confidence lost, mainly through regulation measures and its oversight. The recent European regulation in audit field, in effect since June 2016 in all Member States, is also an attempt to recover the competence and independence of auditors, in particular, the perception of their credibility in the eyes of society. Based on the new regulation, this research aims to identify how the new rules are associated with audit quality in both dimensions: real quality and perceived quality, related with the Public Interest Entities, within the European Union. The research focused on both of these dimensions – real and perceived – and its measurement was based on the following proxies: the quality of financial information through earnings management and the impact of qualified opinions in financial costs. The results do not corroborate all the options taken by the European Union in the new regulation, once they are not positively associated with audit quality and they also consolidate the assumption that the balance between competence and independence is not the only challenge related to regulation and oversight of the audit profession. In fact, the evidence demonstrates that the balance between the real and perceived quality is a relevant matter. In conclusion, the big challenge is to frame the aspects of inverse effect between real and perceived audit quality and how to keep them balanced. There was also evidence that there was no significant effect on whether or not the audit was carried out by one of the Big 4.
The sequence of financial scandals at the beginning of the millennium, mainly due to the focus placed on the failures of auditors, considerably damaged the credibility of financial audit. Since then, governs and regulators have made several efforts in order to re-establish the confidence lost, mainly through regulation measures and its oversight. The recent European regulation in audit field, in effect since June 2016 in all Member States, is also an attempt to recover the competence and independence of auditors, in particular, the perception of their credibility in the eyes of society. Based on the new regulation, this research aims to identify how the new rules are associated with audit quality in both dimensions: real quality and perceived quality, related with the Public Interest Entities, within the European Union. The research focused on both of these dimensions – real and perceived – and its measurement was based on the following proxies: the quality of financial information through earnings management and the impact of qualified opinions in financial costs. The results do not corroborate all the options taken by the European Union in the new regulation, once they are not positively associated with audit quality and they also consolidate the assumption that the balance between competence and independence is not the only challenge related to regulation and oversight of the audit profession. In fact, the evidence demonstrates that the balance between the real and perceived quality is a relevant matter. In conclusion, the big challenge is to frame the aspects of inverse effect between real and perceived audit quality and how to keep them balanced. There was also evidence that there was no significant effect on whether or not the audit was carried out by one of the Big 4.
Descrição
Doutoramento em Gestão
Palavras-chave
Qualidade da auditoria Regulação da auditoria Supervisão da auditoria Entidades de Interesse Público União Europeia Audit Quality Regulation Oversight Public Interest Entities European Union
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Monteiro, Daniela Alexandra Santos (2020). "Regulação, supervisão e qualidade da auditoria financeira nas entidades de interesse público, no contexto da União Europeia". Tese de Doutoramento, Universidade de Lisboa. Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão.
Editora
Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão