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Autorregulação emocional infantil numa amostra portuguesa durante a situação de still-face : uma comparação entre bebés de pré-termo e de termo
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No presente estudo, investigámos as diferenças entre bebés de pré-termo e bebés de termo, ambos clinicamente saudáveis, no que diz respeito ao comportamento interativo e à capacidade de lidar com o stress, utilizando a Situação de Still-Face. Quarenta e quatro díades mãe-bebé foram avaliadas aos 3 meses (idade cronológica corrigida no grupo de pré-termo), incluindo 16 bebés de pré-termo e 28 de termo. A autorregulação emocional foi definida como a capacidade que o bebé possui para ajustar o seu comportamento em situações de stress. Os comportamentos de autorregulação foram codificados em três tipos de comportamento infantil durante a Situação de Still-Face: Padrão de Comportamento Socialmente Positivo; Padrão de Comportamento Socialmente Negativo e Padrão de Comportamento Orientado para o Autoconforto. Estes tipos comportamentais infantis foram examinados em termos dos seus preditores, nomeadamente verificando se variavam em função da idade gestacional do bebé, do sexo do bebé e dos recursos maternos (idade, escolaridade e ocupação profissional). Os resultados indicaram diferenças nos comportamentos de autorregulação, embora estas não tenham atingido a significância estatística, devido à pequena dimensão da amostra. Os bebés de pré-termo apresentaram maioritariamente comportamentos de autorregulação socialmente positivos durante a Situação de Still-Face, em comparação com os bebés de termo. Simultaneamente, os bebés do sexo feminino apresentaram mais comportamentos do Padrão de Comportamento Socialmente Positivo, o que sugere uma menor dificuldade na autorregulação das emoções relativamente aos bebés do sexo masculino. Os recursos maternos não estavam relacionados com os comportamentos de autorregulação do bebé. Os nossos resultados sugerem que os bebés de pré-termo apresentam capacidades interativas e regulatórias mais adaptativas de que os bebés de termo.
In the present study, we investigated the differences of interactive behavior and the capacity for coping with stress in clinically healthy pre-term infant compared to full-term, using the Still-Face Situation. Forty-four infant–mother dyads were seen at 3 months (corrected for gestational age in the pre-term group), including 16 pre-term and 28 full-term infants. Emotional self-regulation was defined as the competence of the infant to adjust his behavior in stress situations. Infant self-regulatory behaviors were coded through three types of infant coping behavior during the Still Face Situation: Positive Other-Directed Coping; Negative Other-Directed Coping and Self-Directed Coping. These types of coping styles were investigated to verify if they are predicted by: infants’ gestational age; infants’ gender; and maternal contributions (age, schooling and professional occupation). Results indicated a difference in self-regulatory behavior although these did not reach statistical significance, due to the small sample size. Pre-term infants showed more positive self-regulatory behaviors responses during the Still Face Situation compared to full-term infants. Simultaneously, female infants exhibited mostly behaviors of the Positive Other-Direct coping, what suggest they have less difficulty in self-regulation than male infants. However, maternal contributions didn’t predict infant’s self-regulation. Our findings propose that pre-term infants have more adaptive interactive and regulatory capacities than full-term infants.
In the present study, we investigated the differences of interactive behavior and the capacity for coping with stress in clinically healthy pre-term infant compared to full-term, using the Still-Face Situation. Forty-four infant–mother dyads were seen at 3 months (corrected for gestational age in the pre-term group), including 16 pre-term and 28 full-term infants. Emotional self-regulation was defined as the competence of the infant to adjust his behavior in stress situations. Infant self-regulatory behaviors were coded through three types of infant coping behavior during the Still Face Situation: Positive Other-Directed Coping; Negative Other-Directed Coping and Self-Directed Coping. These types of coping styles were investigated to verify if they are predicted by: infants’ gestational age; infants’ gender; and maternal contributions (age, schooling and professional occupation). Results indicated a difference in self-regulatory behavior although these did not reach statistical significance, due to the small sample size. Pre-term infants showed more positive self-regulatory behaviors responses during the Still Face Situation compared to full-term infants. Simultaneously, female infants exhibited mostly behaviors of the Positive Other-Direct coping, what suggest they have less difficulty in self-regulation than male infants. However, maternal contributions didn’t predict infant’s self-regulation. Our findings propose that pre-term infants have more adaptive interactive and regulatory capacities than full-term infants.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde, Núcleo de Psicologia Clínica Sistémica), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2017
Palavras-chave
Autorregulação Emoções - Aspectos psicológicos Prematuros Teses de mestrado - 2017