A carregar...
Publicação
Relação terapêutica e intervenção à distância : um estudo sobre a perceção de psicólogos clínicos
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 764.7 KB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A situação pandémica presente desde o final de 2019, e as consequentes restrições de contacto social levaram a uma adaptação por parte dos psicólogos clínicos, no sentido de assegurar a continuidade dos acompanhamentos e processos psicoterapêuticos. Contudo, ainda pouco se sabe se as relações terapêuticas construídas ou mantidas à distância são tão promissoras para os resultados da intervenção, como acontece na via presencial e de que forma as mesmas são experienciadas pelos intervenientes.
Este estudo, de natureza qualitativa, explora a perspetiva dos psicólogos clínicos sobre a intervenção à distância, mais especificamente, a relação terapêutica, com o foco principal nas semelhanças e diferenças entre a via presencial e à distância. Foram aplicadas entrevistas semiestruturas a 11 psicólogos clínicos, de orientações teóricas variadas e com o minino de três anos de experiência, tendo sido feito uma análise temática com recurso ao software QSR Nvivo 12. Surgiram quatro domínios: (1) características comuns à relação terapêutica presencial; (2) diferenças face à relação terapêutica presencial; (3) fatores de insucesso e (4) fatores de sucesso.
Os resultados mostraram que os fatores da relação terapêutica presentes na intervenção à distância são semelhantes ao que acontece na via presencial, tal como a escuta ativa, a confidencialidade, o compromisso e a confiança. Por outro lado, as principais diferenças assentam no setting ser fisicamente diferente, que leva à falta de contacto físico, menos acesso à comunicação não-verbal e menos controlo por parte do terapeuta das condições do cliente para a consulta, como é exemplo a privacidade. O estabelecimento da relação terapêutica online também foi descrito como diferente. São apresentadas algumas limitações e propostas de estudos futuros.
The pandemic situation present since the end of 2019, and the consequent restrictions on social contact, led to a need for adaptation on the part of clinical psychologists, in order to ensure the continuity of follow-ups and psychotherapeutic processes. However, still little is known if the therapeutic relationships built or maintained at distance are as promising for the results of the intervention, as in the face-to-face way and how they are experienced by the participants. This study, of a qualitative nature, explores the perspective of clinical psychologists on distance intervention, more specifically, the therapeutic relationship, with the main focus on the similarities and differences between the face-to-face and the distance way. Semi-structured interviews were applied to 11 clinical psychologists, of varying theoretical orientations and with at least three years of experience, and a thematic analysis was carried out using the QSR Nvivo 12 software. Four domains emerged: (1) characteristics common to the face-to-face therapeutic relationship; (2) differences from the face-to-face therapeutic relationship; (3) failure factors and (4) success factors. The results showed that the factors of the therapeutic relationship present in the distance intervention are similar to what happens in the face-to-face way, such as active listening, confidentiality, commitment and trust. On the other hand, the main differences are based on the setting being physically different, which leads to a lack of physical contact, less access to non-verbal communication and less control by the therapist of the client's conditions for the consultation, such as privacy.Establishing the therapeutic relationship online was also described as different. Some limitations and proposals for future studies are presented.
The pandemic situation present since the end of 2019, and the consequent restrictions on social contact, led to a need for adaptation on the part of clinical psychologists, in order to ensure the continuity of follow-ups and psychotherapeutic processes. However, still little is known if the therapeutic relationships built or maintained at distance are as promising for the results of the intervention, as in the face-to-face way and how they are experienced by the participants. This study, of a qualitative nature, explores the perspective of clinical psychologists on distance intervention, more specifically, the therapeutic relationship, with the main focus on the similarities and differences between the face-to-face and the distance way. Semi-structured interviews were applied to 11 clinical psychologists, of varying theoretical orientations and with at least three years of experience, and a thematic analysis was carried out using the QSR Nvivo 12 software. Four domains emerged: (1) characteristics common to the face-to-face therapeutic relationship; (2) differences from the face-to-face therapeutic relationship; (3) failure factors and (4) success factors. The results showed that the factors of the therapeutic relationship present in the distance intervention are similar to what happens in the face-to-face way, such as active listening, confidentiality, commitment and trust. On the other hand, the main differences are based on the setting being physically different, which leads to a lack of physical contact, less access to non-verbal communication and less control by the therapist of the client's conditions for the consultation, such as privacy.Establishing the therapeutic relationship online was also described as different. Some limitations and proposals for future studies are presented.
Descrição
Dissertação de mestrado, Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde (Área de Especialização em Psicologia Clínica Cognitivo-Comportamental Integrativa), 2022, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia
Palavras-chave
Relação terapêutica Intervenção psicológica Psicólogos clínicos Tecnologias digitais Dissertações de mestrado - 2022