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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O conceito de desenvolvimento evoluiu da concepção puramente económica para
uma lógica socio-económica, caracterizando-se actualmente por uma crescente preocupação
pelo desenvolvimento humano, sendo a Educação e a Saúde factores preponderantes para o
desenvolvimento humano de um país, em virtude dos seus efeitos terem retornos duradouros a
longo prazo, elevando os padrões de vida das populações (Capítulo 1 — Parte I).
O presente estudo tem por base as conclusões de inúmeros estudos — teóricos e
empíricos que apontam para a evidência de que o investimento em capital humano
proporciona tais retornos. Contudo, as teorias neoclássicas do Capital Humano tendem a
encarar o indivíduo como um agente económico isolado, motivado apenas por critérios
racionalistas e utílitarístas. Pretende-se chamar a atenção para a necessidade de uma análise
mais abrangente do todo económico. Esta visão tem particular interesse em Africa onde a
concepção racional do Homo oeconomicus é habitualmente confrontada pela "irracionalidade"
do Homo afhcanus (Capítulo 2 — Parte I).
Neste sentido, em Moçambique, a formação de médicos (educação formal) tem
desempenhado um papel relevante na medida em que contribui de forma decisiva para a
melhoria do bem-estar social. Desde a independência assiste-se a várias transformações ao
nível da Saúde e da Educação, resultantes dos constrangimentos provocados pela conjuntura
política, bem como da imposição de reformas institucionais.
Este trabalho visa identificar a contribuição das incitações públicas e privadas,
nacionais e internacionais para a evolução das políticas de formação médica. Ao comparar as
motivações actuais dos estudantes para a formação face às expectativas iniciais e a realidade
dos recém-graduados, pretende-se avaliar alguns dos factores de sucesso e insucesso da
formação de médicos. Para a consecução dos objectivos delineados efectuou-se um Estudo da
Caso em Moçambique, com a aplicação de três tipos de instrumentos de investigação: análise
documental, entrevistas seml-estruturadas e questionários de aplicação directa (Parte II).
Os resultados obtidos apontam para uma coincidônda das expectativas dos estudantes
face à decisão em investir em capital humano e as que estiveram na base da formação dos
actuais recém-graduados. Todavia, verificou-se que para os estudantes a importância do
Estado no desenvolvimento do sector da Saúde é cada vez menor, propondo antes uma
articulação entre várias instituições. Constatou-se ainda uma dualidade de objectivos, na
medida em que pretendem alcançar o bem-estar social e maximizar o óptimo individual.
Da análise de todo o trabalho concluí-se que o desenvolvimento só poderá ser
conseguido se o crescimento económico for acompanhado da melhoria das condições de vida.
nomeadamente, através de investimento em capital humano, concretamente, na educação e na
saúde. O Estudo de Caso provou que em Moçambique os estudantes da FMM e recémgraduados
encaram a sua formação como um contributo ao desenvolvimento (Parte III).
The concept of development has been changing from the pure economia dimension to a sodal-economic issue, that is characterised by a growing concem on the human development. being Education and Health two major ways through which a country can achíeve its human development, because of the effects on the long-term retums, increasing the social life standards (Chapter 1 - Part I). The present study stands on the conclusions of severa! studíes — theoretical and empine which points out that the Investment on human capital presents itself such retums. Nevertheless, the neodassic theories on Human Capital tend to face the individual as an isolated economic agent, motivated only by rationalíst and utilitarian criteria. We endeavour to call one'8 atterrtion to the need of an analysis much more embracing of the economic whole. This view has particular interest in Africa, where the rational concept of Homo oeconomicus is usually confronted with the Irrationality of Homo afneanus (Chapter 2 - Part I). In Mozambican the medicai education (formal education), has been playing a key-role as a contribution to a social we// fare. Since the independence there have been several Health and Education transformations. as a result of politicai constraíns as well as a result of the impositkxi of Institutional reforms. This work aims to identify the contribution of the public and private incitations, national and intematíonal, towards the development of medicai education politics. When comparing the actual students motívatíons towards education in view of the inítial expectations and the reality of the newly-graduates, we aim to evaluate some of the success and in success factors of medicai education. For the obtainment of these goals it was accomplished a Case Study in Mozambique, with the application of three research tools: analysis of reievant documents, semistructured interviews and auto-applicated question forms (Part II). The results points out a coincidence between the students expectations towards the decision on investing on human capital and those who were on the basis of the newty graduate training. However, it was affirmed that to those students the importance of state in the development of Health sector is growing smaller, offering an utterance between several institutions. There is also a duality of purposes in the extent on which they aim to attain social welfare and maximize the individual "optimum". From the analysis of this work we carne to the conclusion that the development only can be achleved if the improvement of the living conditions, namely, throughout the investment on human capital, that is, in education and health. This case study has proved that in Mozambique the students from the FMM and the newiy graduates face their training as a contribution to the development (Part III).
The concept of development has been changing from the pure economia dimension to a sodal-economic issue, that is characterised by a growing concem on the human development. being Education and Health two major ways through which a country can achíeve its human development, because of the effects on the long-term retums, increasing the social life standards (Chapter 1 - Part I). The present study stands on the conclusions of severa! studíes — theoretical and empine which points out that the Investment on human capital presents itself such retums. Nevertheless, the neodassic theories on Human Capital tend to face the individual as an isolated economic agent, motivated only by rationalíst and utilitarian criteria. We endeavour to call one'8 atterrtion to the need of an analysis much more embracing of the economic whole. This view has particular interest in Africa, where the rational concept of Homo oeconomicus is usually confronted with the Irrationality of Homo afneanus (Chapter 2 - Part I). In Mozambican the medicai education (formal education), has been playing a key-role as a contribution to a social we// fare. Since the independence there have been several Health and Education transformations. as a result of politicai constraíns as well as a result of the impositkxi of Institutional reforms. This work aims to identify the contribution of the public and private incitations, national and intematíonal, towards the development of medicai education politics. When comparing the actual students motívatíons towards education in view of the inítial expectations and the reality of the newly-graduates, we aim to evaluate some of the success and in success factors of medicai education. For the obtainment of these goals it was accomplished a Case Study in Mozambique, with the application of three research tools: analysis of reievant documents, semistructured interviews and auto-applicated question forms (Part II). The results points out a coincidence between the students expectations towards the decision on investing on human capital and those who were on the basis of the newty graduate training. However, it was affirmed that to those students the importance of state in the development of Health sector is growing smaller, offering an utterance between several institutions. There is also a duality of purposes in the extent on which they aim to attain social welfare and maximize the individual "optimum". From the analysis of this work we carne to the conclusion that the development only can be achleved if the improvement of the living conditions, namely, throughout the investment on human capital, that is, in education and health. This case study has proved that in Mozambique the students from the FMM and the newiy graduates face their training as a contribution to the development (Part III).
Description
Mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Cooperação Internacional
Keywords
Formação de médicos Saúde Educação Desenvolvimento Investimento Expectativas Medicai education Health Education Development Investment Expectations
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Sousa Júnior, Fernando Vítor de (2001). “Contributos para o estudo da formação de médicos em Moçambique no pós-independência : estudo de caso”. Dissertação de Mestrado. Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão