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Infraestruturas de Transporte e Desenvolvimento Regional: o caso do Alentejo
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| 3.21 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Abstract(s)
As infraestruturas de transporte são um importante motor para a circulação de pessoas
e bens entre cidades, regiões, países ou continentes. Os conceitos de acessibilidade e
mobilidade estão interligados e dependem das infraestruturas de transporte para
proporcionarem um serviço rápido, seguro e com poucos custos para o utilizador. Esta
performance poderá eventualmente constituir um fator acelerador do desenvolvimento
das regiões, na medida em que a proximidade entre os territórios, ou o encurtamento
das distâncias-tempo entre os mesmos, permitem que a economia regional se dinamize
pelo volume de negócios, crescimento das trocas comerciais, produção de bens e
crescimento da circulação de pessoas, que investem na região e aumentam o turismo.
Todos estes fatores conduzem à modernização dos equipamentos, empresas e
estimulam a fixação de população.
Nesta dissertação serão abordados conceitos relacionados com a infraestrutura de
transporte e a sua relação com o desenvolvimento regional, pelo que a análise será
focada num território correspondente à NUTS II Alentejo, excluindo a NUTS III Lezíria do
Tejo que passou a integrar a região após a reforma administrativa de 2013. Serão
caracterizadas no seu estado atual, através de mapas, as redes de transporte rodoviário,
ferroviário, marítimo, aéreo e a rede de plataformas logísticas. Nesse âmbito, serão
enquadradas as políticas de transportes ao longo do tempo e esquematizados os
investimentos no setor. Para estabelecer uma eventual relação entre os investimentos
em transportes e o desenvolvimento socioeconómico de uma região, serão analisados
em paralelo indicadores de performance dos transportes e indicadores
socioeconómicos relevantes para o desenvolvimento.
Concluiu-se que nos períodos de maior investimento europeu e público nacional, a área
de estudo apresenta uma evolução positiva nos indicadores de transporte e nos
indicadores socioeconómicos. Contudo, comparando com as restantes NUTS II do
continente, apresenta-se pouco competitiva em alguns contextos e com discrepâncias
internas pela dimensão dos núcleos urbanos ou de atividades económicas relevantes.
Transport infrastructure is an important driver for the movement of people and goods between cities, regions, countries, or continents. The concepts of accessibility and mobility are interconnected and depend on transport infrastructures to provide a fast, safe, and cost-effective service to the user. This performance may eventually be an accelerating factor in the development of regions, as the proximity between territories, or the shortening of time distances between them, allow the regional economy to become more dynamic by the volume of business, the growth of trade, the production of goods and the growth of the movement of people, who invest in the region and increase tourism. All these factors lead to the modernization of equipment, companies, and stimulate population settlement. This thesis will address concepts related to transport infrastructure, its relationship with regional development, so the analysis will be focused on a territory corresponding to the NUTS II Alentejo, excluding the NUTS III Lezíria do Tejo that became part of the region after the administrative reform of 2013. The road, rail, maritime and air transport, and logistic platforms networks will be characterized in their current state, through maps. In this framework, transport policies will be framed over time and investments in the sector will be schematized. Since there is no direct relationship between transport investments and the socioeconomic development of a region, transport performance indicators and socioeconomic indicators relevant for development will be analyzed in parallel. It was concluded that in periods of higher European and national public investment, the study area shows a positive evolution in transport and socio-economic indicators. However, compared to the other NUTS II of the continent, it is not very competitive in some contexts, and it has many internal discrepancies due to the size and distribution of the urban centers or relevant economic activities in specific areas.
Transport infrastructure is an important driver for the movement of people and goods between cities, regions, countries, or continents. The concepts of accessibility and mobility are interconnected and depend on transport infrastructures to provide a fast, safe, and cost-effective service to the user. This performance may eventually be an accelerating factor in the development of regions, as the proximity between territories, or the shortening of time distances between them, allow the regional economy to become more dynamic by the volume of business, the growth of trade, the production of goods and the growth of the movement of people, who invest in the region and increase tourism. All these factors lead to the modernization of equipment, companies, and stimulate population settlement. This thesis will address concepts related to transport infrastructure, its relationship with regional development, so the analysis will be focused on a territory corresponding to the NUTS II Alentejo, excluding the NUTS III Lezíria do Tejo that became part of the region after the administrative reform of 2013. The road, rail, maritime and air transport, and logistic platforms networks will be characterized in their current state, through maps. In this framework, transport policies will be framed over time and investments in the sector will be schematized. Since there is no direct relationship between transport investments and the socioeconomic development of a region, transport performance indicators and socioeconomic indicators relevant for development will be analyzed in parallel. It was concluded that in periods of higher European and national public investment, the study area shows a positive evolution in transport and socio-economic indicators. However, compared to the other NUTS II of the continent, it is not very competitive in some contexts, and it has many internal discrepancies due to the size and distribution of the urban centers or relevant economic activities in specific areas.
Description
Keywords
Infraestrutura de Transporte Acessibilidade Mobilidade Desenvolvimento Regional