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Authors
Abstract(s)
As neoplasias cutâneas mais comuns relatadas em cervídeos são tumores induzidos por vírus, como fibromas, fibropapilomas, fibrossarcomas e papilomas. Osteomas, condrosteomas, melanomas, lipomas e quistos dermóides são exemplos de outras lesões neoplásicas que afetam espécies da Família Cervidae. Várias doenças associadas às hastes estão mencionadas na literatura, nomeadamente a antlerogénese aberrante, as malformações das hastes, as hastes com pele aveludada permanente e principalmente os antleromas. Existem também diversas doenças com diferentes etiologias que incluem dermatite na descrição dos seus sinais clínicos, como a infeção por poxvírus, a dermatofilose e a febre catarral maligna.
A amostra incluiu 5 cervos do padre David (Elaphurus davidianus) – espécie extinta na natureza – adultos fêmeas com nódulos cutâneos semelhantes localizados na região frontal. Um dos animais também apresentava um nódulo cutâneo lateral ao ânus. Este estudo propôs-se a avaliar, descrever e classificar o quadro clínico observado nestes animais, a apresentar os meios de diagnósticos usados, procedimento anestésico e abordagem terapêutica médica e cirúrgica e, finalmente, a expor a caracterização histopatológica das lesões dermatológicas.
Os fármacos anestésicos de indução utilizados nas anestesias foram cloridrato de detomidina, quetamina e midazolam. Os exames complementares realizados em todos os casos foram a biópsia incisional ou excisional dos nódulos cutâneos e apenas o nódulo cutâneo com localização distinta foi submetido a PAAF. Em dois animais, procedeu-se à hematologia e análises bioquímicas. O plano terapêutico incidiu sobre a excisão cirúrgica completa das lesões com localização na cabeça, tendo sido completado em 4 dos 5 animais.
Após análise e caracterização histopatológica, as cinco lesões dermatológicas com localização na região frontal foram diagnosticadas como fibroma, papiloma, osteoma, dermatite e quisto dermóide. Confrontando com a literatura publicada, considerou-se a possibilidade de enquadrar estas lesões na classificação de antleroma – uma neoplasia benigna que tem origem em tecidos da haste. O nódulo cutâneo lateral ao ânus foi classificado, após análise citológica, como lipoma ou fibrolipoma.
Este trabalho contribuiu para um melhor conhecimento das lesões dermatológicas que ocorrem na espécie em estudo, tendo apresentado a caracterização histopatológica de lesões distintas. Estudos futuros com uma maior dimensão da amostra seriam uma mais valia para obter mais resultados e conclusões abrangentes.
ABSTRACT - Clinical study and histopathological characterization of 5 cases of dermatological lesions in Père David’s deer (Elaphurus davidianus) - Virus-induced tumors such as fibromas, fibropapillomas, fibrosarcomas and papillomas are the most common skin neoplasms reported in cervids. Osteomas, osteochondromas, melanomas, lipomas and dermoid cysts are examples of other neoplastic lesions affecting species of the Family Cervidae. Several disease concerning the antlers are mentioned in the literature, particularly aberrant antlerogenesis, antler malformations, perennial velvet antlers and mainly antleromas. There are also several diseases of different aetiologies that include dermatitis in the description of its clinical signs, such as poxvirus infection, dermatophilosis and malignant catarrhal fever. The sample included 5 Père David’s deer (Elaphurus davidianus) – extinct species in nature – adult females with similar skin nodules located in the frontal region. One of the animals also had a skin nodule lateral to the anus. This study aimed to evaluate, describe and classify the clinical presentation observed in these animals, to describe the diagnostic approach, anaesthetic procedure and medical and surgical treatment, and, finally, to present the histopathological characterization of dermatological lesions. The induction anaesthetic drugs used in the anaesthesia were detomidine hydrochloride, ketamine and midazolam. Incisional or excisional biopsy of the skin nodules were the complementary exams performed in all cases and only the skin nodule with different location was submitted to FNA (fine needle aspiration) biopsy. In two animals, haematology and biochemical analyses were performed. Therapeutic plan consisted of complete surgical excision of the lesions with location in the head and it was completed in 4 of the 5 animals. After analysis and histopathological characterization, the five dermatological lesions located in the frontal region were diagnosed as fibroma, papilloma, osteoma, dermatitis and dermoid cyst. Comparing with the published literature, the lesions were considered to be classified as antleroma - a benign neoplasm of antler tissues origin. The skin nodule lateral to the anus was classified, after cytological analysis, as lipoma or fibrolipoma. This study contributed to a better knowledge of the dermatological lesions that occur in the studied species, and has presented the histopathological characterization of distinct lesions. Future studies with a larger sample size would be important to obtain further results and broad conclusions.
ABSTRACT - Clinical study and histopathological characterization of 5 cases of dermatological lesions in Père David’s deer (Elaphurus davidianus) - Virus-induced tumors such as fibromas, fibropapillomas, fibrosarcomas and papillomas are the most common skin neoplasms reported in cervids. Osteomas, osteochondromas, melanomas, lipomas and dermoid cysts are examples of other neoplastic lesions affecting species of the Family Cervidae. Several disease concerning the antlers are mentioned in the literature, particularly aberrant antlerogenesis, antler malformations, perennial velvet antlers and mainly antleromas. There are also several diseases of different aetiologies that include dermatitis in the description of its clinical signs, such as poxvirus infection, dermatophilosis and malignant catarrhal fever. The sample included 5 Père David’s deer (Elaphurus davidianus) – extinct species in nature – adult females with similar skin nodules located in the frontal region. One of the animals also had a skin nodule lateral to the anus. This study aimed to evaluate, describe and classify the clinical presentation observed in these animals, to describe the diagnostic approach, anaesthetic procedure and medical and surgical treatment, and, finally, to present the histopathological characterization of dermatological lesions. The induction anaesthetic drugs used in the anaesthesia were detomidine hydrochloride, ketamine and midazolam. Incisional or excisional biopsy of the skin nodules were the complementary exams performed in all cases and only the skin nodule with different location was submitted to FNA (fine needle aspiration) biopsy. In two animals, haematology and biochemical analyses were performed. Therapeutic plan consisted of complete surgical excision of the lesions with location in the head and it was completed in 4 of the 5 animals. After analysis and histopathological characterization, the five dermatological lesions located in the frontal region were diagnosed as fibroma, papilloma, osteoma, dermatitis and dermoid cyst. Comparing with the published literature, the lesions were considered to be classified as antleroma - a benign neoplasm of antler tissues origin. The skin nodule lateral to the anus was classified, after cytological analysis, as lipoma or fibrolipoma. This study contributed to a better knowledge of the dermatological lesions that occur in the studied species, and has presented the histopathological characterization of distinct lesions. Future studies with a larger sample size would be important to obtain further results and broad conclusions.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Keywords
Cervídeos Dermatologia Nódulos cutâneos Biópsia Histopatologia Cervids Dermatology Skin nodules Biopsy Histopathology
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Mota LS 2020. Estudo clínico e caracterização histopatológica de 5 casos de lesões dermatológicas em Cervos do Padre David (Elaphurus davidianus) [dissertação de mestrado]. Lisboa: FMV-Universidade de Lisboa.
Publisher
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária