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Autores
Resumo(s)
A partir de meados dos anos 1990 foram lançadas em Portugal um conjunto de iniciativas de desenvolvimento local em espaço rural e de revitalização e reabilitação de pequenos aglomerados urbanos – “aldeias típicas” – que tinham na mobilização do recurso património e respetiva valorização turística uma das suas principais linhas estratégicas.
Inscrevendo-se num processo mais amplo que abrange, por um lado, o alargamento do conceito de património às suas expressões vernáculas, populares e rurais e a crescente importância concedida à diversificação económica das áreas rurais desfavorecidas – dando especial ênfase ao turismo como fator dinamizador –, e integra alguns sinais de renascimento rural – um rural que é agora mais simbólico que agrícola –, estas iniciativas não deixarão, por outro lado, de retomar, em certa medida e ainda que implicitamente, a ideia do idílio rural, prosseguindo assim uma tradição com raízes já historicamente profundas.
Entre as muitas propostas então lançadas na esteira da ação-piloto do Programa de Recuperação das Aldeias Históricas contam-se os programas das Aldeias do Xisto, Aldeias Vinhateiras e Aldeias do Algarve, constituindo estes quatro os casos de estudo abordados neste trabalho. Tendo como objetivos sistematizar a informação relevante relativa a cada um desses programas, discutir, a montante, as razões que favoreceram a aplicação dessas intervenções, o respetivo enquadramento teórico, a evolução histórica dos processos de intervenção em áreas rurais e as estratégias definidas e efetivamente mobilizadas, e analisar criticamente, a jusante, os problemas, dificuldades e contradições com que estas iniciativas se enfrentaram, a respetiva concretização efetiva, ao nível do projeto e da execução de obra, e a materialização da aplicação dos princípios e práticas de conservação e reabilitação, este trabalho tem em vista, como objetivo central, identificar os pressupostos e princípios que se entende dever associar, como contributos fundamentais, ao desenho de uma metodologia de intervenção em áreas rurais.
ABSTRACT: From the mid-1990s onwards a set of local development initiatives in rural areas and of revitalization and rehabilitation of small urban centers – the so called "typical villages" –, was launched in Portugal, initiatives which had in the mobilizing of the resource heritage and respective touristic development one of its main strategic lines. Subscribing to a broader process that includes, on the one hand, the extension of the concept of heritage to their vernacular, popular and rural expressions, and the growing importance accorded to the economic diversification of disadvantaged rural areas – with special emphasis on tourism as a driving factor – , as well as some signs of rural renaissance – a rural that is now more symbolic than agricultural – these initiatives will not fail, however, to return, in a certain extent and even implicitly, to the idea of the rural idyll, continuing a historically deep rooted tradition. Among the many proposals then launched following the pilot-action of the Program for the Recovery of Historic Villages, where included the programs of the Schist Villages, Douro Wine Villages and Villages of the Algarve, making these four the case studies discussed in this work. Aiming to (i) systematize the relevant information on each of them, (ii) discuss the reasons that favored the implementation of these interventions, their appropriate theoretical framework, the historical evolution of the intervention processes in rural areas and the defined and effectively deployed strategies, and (iii) critically analyze the problems, difficulties and contradictions that these initiatives have met as well as their effective implementation at the level of the project and work execution, and the materialization of the application of the conservation and rehabilitation principles and practices, this work thus intends, as a central goal, to (iii) identify the assumptions and principles that should be assigned, as key contributions, to the design of an intervention methodology in rural areas.
ABSTRACT: From the mid-1990s onwards a set of local development initiatives in rural areas and of revitalization and rehabilitation of small urban centers – the so called "typical villages" –, was launched in Portugal, initiatives which had in the mobilizing of the resource heritage and respective touristic development one of its main strategic lines. Subscribing to a broader process that includes, on the one hand, the extension of the concept of heritage to their vernacular, popular and rural expressions, and the growing importance accorded to the economic diversification of disadvantaged rural areas – with special emphasis on tourism as a driving factor – , as well as some signs of rural renaissance – a rural that is now more symbolic than agricultural – these initiatives will not fail, however, to return, in a certain extent and even implicitly, to the idea of the rural idyll, continuing a historically deep rooted tradition. Among the many proposals then launched following the pilot-action of the Program for the Recovery of Historic Villages, where included the programs of the Schist Villages, Douro Wine Villages and Villages of the Algarve, making these four the case studies discussed in this work. Aiming to (i) systematize the relevant information on each of them, (ii) discuss the reasons that favored the implementation of these interventions, their appropriate theoretical framework, the historical evolution of the intervention processes in rural areas and the defined and effectively deployed strategies, and (iii) critically analyze the problems, difficulties and contradictions that these initiatives have met as well as their effective implementation at the level of the project and work execution, and the materialization of the application of the conservation and rehabilitation principles and practices, this work thus intends, as a central goal, to (iii) identify the assumptions and principles that should be assigned, as key contributions, to the design of an intervention methodology in rural areas.
Descrição
Tese de Doutoramento em Arquitetura, com a especialização em Reabilitação, apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Doutor.
Palavras-chave
Áreas rurais Aldeias Revitalização Património vernáculo construído Rural areas Villages Rehabilitation Built vernacular heritage
Contexto Educativo
Citação
RIBEIRO, Fernando Vitor Félix - Práticas de reabilitação em áreas rurais : contributos para uma metodologia de intervenção a partir da experiência dos programas de revitalização de aldeias em Portugal. - Lisboa : FA, 2017. Tese de Doutoramento
Editora
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura
