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Comparação de programas e medidas de apoio à inovação entre Espanha e Portugal
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Resumo(s)
O novo paradigma no qual se debatem actualmente os países - a chamada Economia do Conhecimento - está a mudar as regras do jogo, e para tal, é preciso que as empresas enfrentem estes novos desafios através de recursos intangíveis. É nesta nova economia que a inovação se constitui como o pilar do crescimento económico e da criação de vantagens competitivas sustentáveis e de longo prazo. O desenvolvimento de projectos de I+D+i, devido ao risco e incerteza associados, à obtenção de benefícios a longo prazo, à dificuldade na apropriabilidade dos resultados e a outros factores próprios do processo de inovação, desencoraja as empresas, como entidades com fins lucrativos, a realizar investimentos neste tipo de actividades, o que tem como principal consequência uma menor competitividade das economias, considerando o consenso geral de que a inovação contribui para o crescimento económico dos países. Cientes da importância da inovação no contexto da competitividade global, os Estados desenham e implementam políticas de apoio à inovação como forma de dinamizar o investimento privado no contexto de cada sistema nacional e regional. Subjacente a esta actuação está a consciência das barreiras e constrangimentos que as empresas defrontam quando desenvolvem projectos de I+D+i ou gerem sistemas de gestão da inovação. Este estudo pretende abordar quais as teorias económicas que apoiam o desenho e a implementação das políticas públicas de apoio à inovação, explorando em particular o caso espanhol e português, através da realização de um estudo comparativo de um conjunto seleccionado de medidas de apoio à inovação. O objectivo é verificar qual o impacto destes portefólios no desempenho inovador de cada um dos países.
The new paradigm that developed countries face - The Knowledge Economy - is changing the rules of the game and, therefore, it is necessary for companies to face the new challenges with the assistance of intangible resources. In this new economy, Innovation becomes the pillar for economic growth and for the creation of sustainable and long-term competitive advantages. The development of R&D&i projects, due to its risks and uncertainties, to the achievement of long-term benefits, to the difficulty in the appropriability of results, and to other factors linked to the innovation process, discourages companies, as for-profit organizations, to invest in this kind of activities, resulting in less competitive economies, according to the general consensus that innovation contributes to national economic growth. Aware of the importance of innovation in the context of global competitiveness, all Governments have been designing and implementing public policies supporting innovation as a vehicle to invigorate private investment in their national and regional innovation systems. Underlying to these actions is the awareness of the barriers and difficulties the companies face when they develop R&D&i projects or run an innovation management system. This study intends to approach the economic theories that support the design and implementation of public policies for innovation and explores the Spanish and Portuguese cases, making a comparative analysis of a selected group of innovation support programs. Its goal is to verify what the impact of these portfolios on the innovative performance of each country has been.
The new paradigm that developed countries face - The Knowledge Economy - is changing the rules of the game and, therefore, it is necessary for companies to face the new challenges with the assistance of intangible resources. In this new economy, Innovation becomes the pillar for economic growth and for the creation of sustainable and long-term competitive advantages. The development of R&D&i projects, due to its risks and uncertainties, to the achievement of long-term benefits, to the difficulty in the appropriability of results, and to other factors linked to the innovation process, discourages companies, as for-profit organizations, to invest in this kind of activities, resulting in less competitive economies, according to the general consensus that innovation contributes to national economic growth. Aware of the importance of innovation in the context of global competitiveness, all Governments have been designing and implementing public policies supporting innovation as a vehicle to invigorate private investment in their national and regional innovation systems. Underlying to these actions is the awareness of the barriers and difficulties the companies face when they develop R&D&i projects or run an innovation management system. This study intends to approach the economic theories that support the design and implementation of public policies for innovation and explores the Spanish and Portuguese cases, making a comparative analysis of a selected group of innovation support programs. Its goal is to verify what the impact of these portfolios on the innovative performance of each country has been.
Descrição
Mestrado em Gestão e Estratégia Industrial
Palavras-chave
I+D+i políticas públicas teoria neoclássica teoria evolucionista falhas de mercado falhas de aprendizagem R&D&i public policy neoclassic theory evolucionist theory market failures learning failures.
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Sousa, Carla Alonso. 2010. "Comparação de programas e medidas de apoio à inovação entre Espanha e Portugal". Dissertação de Mestrado. Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão
Editora
Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão