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Análise e investigação do risco de lesão músculo-esquelética em diferentes setores de atividade
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O presente estudo decorreu numa empresa prestadora de serviços na área da higiene, segurança e saúde – a Saniwork - e teve como objetivo a caraterização do risco de desenvolvimento de lesão músculo-esquelética relacionada com o trabalho (LMERT) em três setores de atividade, que abreviadamente designamos de: setor de serviços administrativos (SA), setor de serviços com idosos (SCI) e setor de serviços com crianças (SCC).
Tendo por base a análise ergonómica do trabalho o estudo recorreu ao uso de um questionário desenvolvido e adaptado aos setores em estudo de forma a permitir a sua caracterização, nomeadamente: i) a caracterização dos trabalhadores e da sua perceção face aos fatores de risco a que estão expostos; ii) a caraterização da sintomatologia de lesão músculo-esquelética autorreferida.
Adicionalmente, para avaliar e qualificar o risco de LMERT, foram utilizados os métodos REBA e o mRULA, tendo em consideração as especificidades das tarefas realizadas nos setores SCC e SCI e no setor SA, respetivamente.
O estudo teve uma adesão de 85,3% ao questionário aplicado e foram analisadas 32 posturas para a determinação do nível de risco das tarefas associadas aos vários setores. Mais de 50% dos operadores apresentam elevada prevalência de queixas de sintomatologia músculo-esquelética autorreferida, reportando a presença de dor na zona lombar (80,6%), no pescoço (75,5%), na zona dorsal (62,2%) e nos ombros (53,1%); uma análise por setor dá destaque às mesmas regiões corporais. Verificaram-se associações positivas entre as exigências de trabalho e a sintomatologia autorreferida, em várias regiões corporais. Tendo em conta os métodos de avaliação postural, todas as tarefas apresentaram risco de desenvolver LMERT (nível de risco ≥ 3). Todos os resultados mostram que investigações e medidas para melhorar as condições de trabalho devem ser realizadas com alguma urgência.
The present study took place in a company providing services in health and safety - Saniwork - and aimed to characterize the risk of developing work-related musculoskeletal diseases in three sectors of activity, which in short, we refer to it as: administrative services sector (SA), elderly services sector (SCI) and children's services sector (SCC). Based on the ergonomic work analysis, the study used a questionnaire developed and adapted to the sectors under study to allow their characterization, namely: i) the characterization of workers and their perception of the risk factors they are exposed; ii) the characterization of the symptoms of self-reported musculoskeletal injury. Additionally, to assess and qualify the WRMD risk, the REBA and mRULA methods were used, considering the specificities of the tasks carried out in the SCC and SCI sectors and in the SA sector, respectively. The study had 85,3% adherence to the questionnaire applied and 32 postures were analyzed to determine the risk level of tasks associated with the various sectors. More than 50% of operators present a high prevalence of complaints for self-reported musculoskeletal symptoms, reporting the presence of pain in the lumbar area (80,6%), in the neck (75,5%), in the dorsal area (62,2%) and on the shoulders (53,1%); an analysis by sector highlights the same body regions. Positive associations were found between work demands and self-reported symptoms, in several body regions. Considering the postural assessment methods, all tasks presented a risk of developing WRMD (risk level ≥ 3). All results show that investigations and measures to improve working conditions must be carried out in a near future.
The present study took place in a company providing services in health and safety - Saniwork - and aimed to characterize the risk of developing work-related musculoskeletal diseases in three sectors of activity, which in short, we refer to it as: administrative services sector (SA), elderly services sector (SCI) and children's services sector (SCC). Based on the ergonomic work analysis, the study used a questionnaire developed and adapted to the sectors under study to allow their characterization, namely: i) the characterization of workers and their perception of the risk factors they are exposed; ii) the characterization of the symptoms of self-reported musculoskeletal injury. Additionally, to assess and qualify the WRMD risk, the REBA and mRULA methods were used, considering the specificities of the tasks carried out in the SCC and SCI sectors and in the SA sector, respectively. The study had 85,3% adherence to the questionnaire applied and 32 postures were analyzed to determine the risk level of tasks associated with the various sectors. More than 50% of operators present a high prevalence of complaints for self-reported musculoskeletal symptoms, reporting the presence of pain in the lumbar area (80,6%), in the neck (75,5%), in the dorsal area (62,2%) and on the shoulders (53,1%); an analysis by sector highlights the same body regions. Positive associations were found between work demands and self-reported symptoms, in several body regions. Considering the postural assessment methods, all tasks presented a risk of developing WRMD (risk level ≥ 3). All results show that investigations and measures to improve working conditions must be carried out in a near future.
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Administrativos Cuidados domiciliários Lesões músculo-esqueléticas relacionadas com o trabalho Pré-escolar Rapid Entire Body Assessment Rapid Upper-Limb Assessment modificado Questionário nórdico Administrative Home care Work-related musculoskeletal diseases Preschool