| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2.12 MB | Adobe PDF |
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A partir do meu percurso profissional e das reflexões que este me suscitou questiono o
processo de construção identitária dos enfermeiros tendo por referência autores como
Dubar, Dubet e Castellls. O problema é equacionado em torno das trajectórias identitárias
da enfermagem ao longo do século XX, das lógicas que atravessam as sucessivas reformas
dos cuidados de saúde primários com particular ênfase para a de 2005, que tem vindo a
introduzir transformações significativas ao nível da organização do trabalho, das relações
e das práticas profissionais. Pretendo compreender o processo de reconfiguração
identitária dos enfermeiros em cuidados de saúde primários, pelo que desenvolvo um
estudo etnográfico em dois contextos de cuidados de saúde primários. Acompanho uma
equipa de enfermeiras que desenvolve o “projecto das unidades móveis” e uma equipa
de enfermeiras que intervém nos cuidados domiciliários/continuados. As trajectórias
profissionais deste grupo, a par com as reflexões sobre as práticas que desenvolvem
actualmente, cruzam-se com as notas de campo do trabalho etnográfico para
fundamentar a narrativa que aqui elaboro.
Concluo que ao nível do trabalho no centro de saúde e nas comunidades a enfermagem
permanece como profissão periférica da medicina que mantém a sua dominância como
estruturante da distribuição social dos cuidados e que os saberes oriundos da
biomedicina, apesar do seu predomínio, perdem a exclusividade. As enfermeiras ganham
autonomia profissional e desenvolvem um trabalho que tende a ser cada vez mais
conceptual à medida que se afastam da prestação de cuidados directos. Os seus
percursos divergem, por um lado, no sentido do aprofundamento dos conhecimentos
médicos e, por outro, de um investimento crescente na gestão de situações problema no
quadro de equipas multiprofissionais.
A identidade de ofício, que dominou grande parte do século XX, perdeu expressão, para
ceder lugar a formas diversificadas de construção identitária a partir das trajectórias
pessoais, das transformações políticas e organizacionais na procura de encontrar sentidos
particulares para as suas práticas de enfermagem.
Palavras Chave: Identidades; Enfermagem; Comunidades; Trajectórias; Politicas de Saúde;
Cuidados de Saúde Primários.
From my professional career and from the reflections raised, I question the identity construction process of nurses with reference to authors such as Dubar, Dubet and Castells. The problem is pondered around the trajectories of identity of nursing throughout the twentieth century as well as around the logic inherent to the successive reforms of primary health care with particular emphasis on the reform of 2005, which has been introducing significant changes in the organization of work, of relations and of practices. I wish to understand the process of identity reconfiguration of nurses in primary health care and therefore develop an ethnographic study in two contexts of primary health care. I follow a team of nurses who developed the "project of mobile units” as well as a team of nurses involved in home care / ongoing care. The career paths of this group, along with the reflections on the practices established, intersect the field notes of the ethnographic work developed, substantiating the narrative work. I conclude that, at the level of health centres and communities, nursing as a profession is still a peripheral element of medicine, which maintains its dominance as a structuring element of the social distribution of care; the knowledge of biomedicine, despite its dominance, loses exclusivity. Nurses gain professional autonomy and develop work that tends to be increasingly conceptual as they move away from providing direct care. Their paths diverge in order to, firstly, deepen the medical knowledge and, secondly, to increase the investment in management of problem situations in the context of multidisciplinary teams. The identity as craftwork, which dominated much of the twentieth century, lost expression, giving way to diverse forms of identity construction, from personal paths as well as from political and organizational transformations, in the search of specific directions for nursing practices.
From my professional career and from the reflections raised, I question the identity construction process of nurses with reference to authors such as Dubar, Dubet and Castells. The problem is pondered around the trajectories of identity of nursing throughout the twentieth century as well as around the logic inherent to the successive reforms of primary health care with particular emphasis on the reform of 2005, which has been introducing significant changes in the organization of work, of relations and of practices. I wish to understand the process of identity reconfiguration of nurses in primary health care and therefore develop an ethnographic study in two contexts of primary health care. I follow a team of nurses who developed the "project of mobile units” as well as a team of nurses involved in home care / ongoing care. The career paths of this group, along with the reflections on the practices established, intersect the field notes of the ethnographic work developed, substantiating the narrative work. I conclude that, at the level of health centres and communities, nursing as a profession is still a peripheral element of medicine, which maintains its dominance as a structuring element of the social distribution of care; the knowledge of biomedicine, despite its dominance, loses exclusivity. Nurses gain professional autonomy and develop work that tends to be increasingly conceptual as they move away from providing direct care. Their paths diverge in order to, firstly, deepen the medical knowledge and, secondly, to increase the investment in management of problem situations in the context of multidisciplinary teams. The identity as craftwork, which dominated much of the twentieth century, lost expression, giving way to diverse forms of identity construction, from personal paths as well as from political and organizational transformations, in the search of specific directions for nursing practices.
Descrição
Tese de doutoramento, Educação (Formação de Adultos), Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Educação, 2011
Palavras-chave
Formação de adultos Enfermeiros Saúde comunitária Teses de doutoramento - 2011
