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Abstract(s)
Esta dissertação, dedicada à abordagem da temática da internacionalização e competitividade das empresas portuguesas, e, nomeadamente, das de pequena e média dimensão, começa, na sua primeira parte, por tentar identificar as principais características do novo enquadramento competitivo internacional, situando mudanças ou processos fundamentais como a globalização, a emergência de novas formas de capitalismo, menos hierárquicas e mais cooperativas, a reconfiguração das cadeias de valor empresariais, puxada pela procura e pela redução do ciclo de vida das tecnologias e produtos, e o aprofundamento e desencadeamento de experiências de integração regional, em variados pontos do globo. Seguidamente, proceder-se-á à fundamentação teórica desta evolução, enumerando os principais contributos das teorias do negócio internacional e tecendo algumas considerações acerca da sua validade actual. Na segunda parte deste trabalho, passam-se em revista as principais tendências, ao longo, sobretudo, da última década, da internacionalização da economia e empresas portuguesas, numa perspectiva macro e microeconómica - não obstante os avanços registados nos tempos mais recentes, esta é, ainda, relativamente truncada, limitada e desequilibrada -, para depois analisar os desafios fundamentais que se colocam às empresas portuguesas e, em particular, às nossas PME, no domínio, nomeadamente, da internacionalização e/ou globalização das suas actividades. Finalmente, na terceira parte desta tese, é particularizada a análise até aí desenvolvida, para a indústria têxtil e de vestuário (ITV) nacional, em face do seu carácter estratégico para a economia portuguesa. Os novos desafios da internacionalização e competitividade referenciados na segunda parte têm aqui uma especial importância na medida em que o actual posicionamento competitivo das nossas ITV, baseado na exploração excessiva do factor preço e na exportação de serviços de baixo valor acrescentado, tem os seus dias contados, havendo que promover a sua substituição por um outro que aposte fortemente numa maior articulação técnico-comercial, na qualidade, flexibilidade, inovação e design, a nível empresarial, no quadro de uma maior orientação para o consumidor e de uma progressiva 'clusterização' e de um reforço e reequilíbrio da internacionalização das ITV nacionais.
The major concern of this dissertation is the study and analysis of internationalization and competitivo potential of portuguese firms, taking into account, in particular, the case of small and middle sized companies (SME). In its first part, we try to identify the main characteristics of the new intemational competitivo environment, focusing on fundamental changes or processes such as globalization, the emergence of new forms of capitalism, less hierarchical and more co-operative, the reconfiguration of value chains, pushed forward by new tendencies in demand and the progressivo reduction of products and technologies life-cycles, and the increasing role of regional integration throughout the world. Further, the theoretical foundations of these evolutions will be examined, by listing and analysing the major contributions of intemational business theories and making some considerations regarding their today's validity. In the second part of the research, we will take a close look at the major tendencies, throughout, mainly, the last decade, of internationalization of portuguese economy and enterprises, in a macro and microeconomic perspective - despite the recent advances, it is still relatively limited and unbalanced followed by the analysis of the fundamental changes and challenges that portuguese companies, specially SME, must face as far as the internationalization and globalization of their activities is concerned. Finally, in the third part of this thesis, we will focus on the national textile and garment industry (TGI), essentially due to its strategic importance for the portuguese economy. The new challenges of internationalization and competitiveness, mentioned in the second part, have a special importance when we deal with this sector, since today's competitive positioning of our TGI, sustained, particularly, on excessive exploitation of the price factor and on exportation of low value-added services, has no future. Its substitution has to be supported by a new competitive model that favours and prometes a greater articulation between research, technical, productive and commercial activities, new competitive non-cost factors like quality, flexibility, productivity, innovation and design, in entrepreneurial terms, a moreeffective orientation towards customers, leading to a progressivo clustering of portuguese TGI, in aneffort to have internationalization and globalization of its activities strengthened and more balanced.
The major concern of this dissertation is the study and analysis of internationalization and competitivo potential of portuguese firms, taking into account, in particular, the case of small and middle sized companies (SME). In its first part, we try to identify the main characteristics of the new intemational competitivo environment, focusing on fundamental changes or processes such as globalization, the emergence of new forms of capitalism, less hierarchical and more co-operative, the reconfiguration of value chains, pushed forward by new tendencies in demand and the progressivo reduction of products and technologies life-cycles, and the increasing role of regional integration throughout the world. Further, the theoretical foundations of these evolutions will be examined, by listing and analysing the major contributions of intemational business theories and making some considerations regarding their today's validity. In the second part of the research, we will take a close look at the major tendencies, throughout, mainly, the last decade, of internationalization of portuguese economy and enterprises, in a macro and microeconomic perspective - despite the recent advances, it is still relatively limited and unbalanced followed by the analysis of the fundamental changes and challenges that portuguese companies, specially SME, must face as far as the internationalization and globalization of their activities is concerned. Finally, in the third part of this thesis, we will focus on the national textile and garment industry (TGI), essentially due to its strategic importance for the portuguese economy. The new challenges of internationalization and competitiveness, mentioned in the second part, have a special importance when we deal with this sector, since today's competitive positioning of our TGI, sustained, particularly, on excessive exploitation of the price factor and on exportation of low value-added services, has no future. Its substitution has to be supported by a new competitive model that favours and prometes a greater articulation between research, technical, productive and commercial activities, new competitive non-cost factors like quality, flexibility, productivity, innovation and design, in entrepreneurial terms, a moreeffective orientation towards customers, leading to a progressivo clustering of portuguese TGI, in aneffort to have internationalization and globalization of its activities strengthened and more balanced.
Description
Mestrado em Gestão e Estratégia Industrial
Keywords
Internacionalização Competitividade Globalização Cooperação Empresarial Alianças Estratégicas PME ITV Internationalization Competitiveness Globalization Inter-Firms Cooperation Strategic Alliances SME TGI
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Caetano, Gonçalo Duarte Lourenço (1999). "A internacionalização das PME Portuguesas em face da globalização e da União Económica e Monetária : o caso da Indústria têxtil e de vestuário". Dissertação de Mestrado, Universidade de Lisboa. Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão