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O ecossistema vaginal
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A comunidade científica tem empenhado em compreender os mecanismos através dos quais os microorganismos coabitam no ser humano e as respectivas implicações na origem de patologias, sendo que conceitos como “mutualismo” e “simbiose” permitem melhor entender as interações existentes entre o hospedeiro e os agentes colonizadores.
Num largo espectro de doenças com origem no desiquilíbrio entre o hospedeiro e os microbiotas, o ecossistema vaginal surge como uma fonte de estudo para melhor compreensão das mesmas e portanto, a necessidade de aprimorar a aprendizagem da composição do microbiota vaginal e perceber que não existe necessariamente um ecossistema normal ou anormal, tendo em conta que vários são os factores que proporcionam as condições para o aparecimento de doença.
Os resultados obtidos em diferentes estudos apontam para a existência de certos microbiotas mais associados à patologia do foro ginecológico. Consequentemente releva-se a importância que os novos métodos de diagnóstico e identificação do microbioma poderão vir a ter no futuro da prática clínica, ao permitirem maior personalização da abordagem preventiva e terapêutica.
For several decades the scientific community has tried to understand mechanisms through which microorganisms cohabit within the human body and their implications on disease pathogenesis. Thus, concepts such as “mutualism” and “symbiosis” have paramount importance to grasp the relationship between the host and its colonizing agents. A better knowledge concerning vaginal microbiota can therefore help to understand a wide range of pathologies arising from the imbalance between host and microorganisms. The greater need for vaginal microbiome better understanding included that no particular vaginal microbiota can be considered itself normal or abnormal since disease is related with different factors and the results have shown that certain microbiotas are indeed associated with an increase in gynecological pathology. As a consequence it is relevant to highlight the importance that new means of microbiome diagnosis and identification may achieve in the future clinical care, by allowing a more personalized approach to disease prevention and treatment.
For several decades the scientific community has tried to understand mechanisms through which microorganisms cohabit within the human body and their implications on disease pathogenesis. Thus, concepts such as “mutualism” and “symbiosis” have paramount importance to grasp the relationship between the host and its colonizing agents. A better knowledge concerning vaginal microbiota can therefore help to understand a wide range of pathologies arising from the imbalance between host and microorganisms. The greater need for vaginal microbiome better understanding included that no particular vaginal microbiota can be considered itself normal or abnormal since disease is related with different factors and the results have shown that certain microbiotas are indeed associated with an increase in gynecological pathology. As a consequence it is relevant to highlight the importance that new means of microbiome diagnosis and identification may achieve in the future clinical care, by allowing a more personalized approach to disease prevention and treatment.
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2017
Palavras-chave
Microbiota Microbioma Oncobioma Metaboloma Ginecologia