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Abstract(s)
Devido à crescente importância da sentimentalização, a família deixou de ser encarada como geradora de riqueza e passou a ser considerada uma comunidade de afetos, sendo os afetos e as relações afetivas o centro das relações familiares. Por sua vez, a crescente relevância dos afetos deu origem a uma série de transformações no seio familiar, levando ao aparecimento de várias formas de organização familiar que, frequentemente, resultam no estabelecimento de laços afetivos fortes e significativos da criança com várias pessoas, para além dos pais, irmãos e ascendentes.
Tendo em consideração que a manutenção destas relações afetivas fortes e significativas que a criança estabelece com outros familiares ou terceiros são, muitas vezes, importantíssimas para o seu bem-estar emocional e para o desenvolvimento da sua personalidade, é necessário perceber qual a tutela legal conferida pelo nosso legislador, a fim de efetivar e proteger judicialmente o direito da criança ao convívio com pessoas com quem tenha uma especial relação afetiva.
Este direito só será digno de tutela se corresponder ao superior interesse da criança, interesse, que caberá ao tribunal ponderar e determinar, sempre que possível, ouvindo a própria criança.
Atualmente, o ordenamento jurídico português limita-se a prever, no artigo 1887.º-A do Código Civil, o direito ao convívio com os ascendentes e irmãos, o que não salvaguarda a manutenção das relações afetivas que as crianças podem estabelecer com outras pessoas, familiares ou não, e está, por conseguinte, aquém do que é exigido pelo superior interesse daquelas. Torna-se, assim, necessário dar uma nova redação a este preceito legal, de forma a contemplar expressamente o direito da criança ao convívio com outros familiares e terceiros com quem tenha uma especial relação afetiva.
Due to the growing importance of sentimentalization, the family is no longer seen as a source of wealth and is considered a community of affection, affections and affective relations being the centre of family relations. In turn, the growing relevance of affections has led to a lot of transformations within the family, leading to the emergence of various forms of family organization that often result in the establishment of strong and significant affective bonds of the child with several people, apart from parents, siblings and ascendants. Considering that the maintenance of these strong and significant affective relationships that the child establishes with other relatives or third parties are often very important for their emotional well-being and for the development of their personality, it is necessary to realize which legal guardianship conferred by our legislator, in order to effectively and judicially protect the child's right to live together with people with whom the child has a special affective relationship. This right will only be worthy of tutelage if it corresponds to the superior interest of the child, interest, which will be up to the court to consider and determine, whenever possible, listening to the child itself. Currently, the Portuguese legal system is limited to providing in Article 1887-A of the Civil Code the right to live together with the ancestors and siblings, which doesn’t safeguard the maintenance of the affective relationships that children can establish with other people, relatives or not, and is therefore short of what is required by the superior interest of those children. It is therefore necessary to redraft this legal precept so as to explicitly contemplate the right of the child to live together with other relatives and third parties with whom the child has a special affective relationship.
Due to the growing importance of sentimentalization, the family is no longer seen as a source of wealth and is considered a community of affection, affections and affective relations being the centre of family relations. In turn, the growing relevance of affections has led to a lot of transformations within the family, leading to the emergence of various forms of family organization that often result in the establishment of strong and significant affective bonds of the child with several people, apart from parents, siblings and ascendants. Considering that the maintenance of these strong and significant affective relationships that the child establishes with other relatives or third parties are often very important for their emotional well-being and for the development of their personality, it is necessary to realize which legal guardianship conferred by our legislator, in order to effectively and judicially protect the child's right to live together with people with whom the child has a special affective relationship. This right will only be worthy of tutelage if it corresponds to the superior interest of the child, interest, which will be up to the court to consider and determine, whenever possible, listening to the child itself. Currently, the Portuguese legal system is limited to providing in Article 1887-A of the Civil Code the right to live together with the ancestors and siblings, which doesn’t safeguard the maintenance of the affective relationships that children can establish with other people, relatives or not, and is therefore short of what is required by the superior interest of those children. It is therefore necessary to redraft this legal precept so as to explicitly contemplate the right of the child to live together with other relatives and third parties with whom the child has a special affective relationship.
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Keywords
Direitos da criança Relações afectivas Teses de mestrado - 2018