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Fasciolose bovina : aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos no Alentejo
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A “grande dúvia do fígado”, Fasciola hepatica, é um parasita cujo principal hospedeiro
intermediário é o molusco Lymnaea truncatula e que pode ter como hospedeiro
definitivo várias espécies como ruminantes domésticos e silváticos, roedores, suínos,
equinos e o Homem. Nos bovinos, a fasciolose é geralmente subclínica, no entanto
pode provocar graves perdas económicas. É então necessário que os médicos
veterinários tenham à sua disposição meios de diagnóstico fiáveis para que possam
intervir precocemente no seu controlo.
Este trabalho é constítuido por uma parte teórica na qual são desenvolvidos alguns
aspectos importantes da doença, nomeadamente epidemiológicos, clínicos e
profiláticos e por uma parte prática que consistiu na recolha de fezes, de um total de 8
efectivos de bovinos no Alentejo, para pesquisa de ovos de F. hepatica, através de um
método de sedimentação natural. O objectivo inicial era avaliar o impacto da infecção
por F. hepatica no diagnóstico da tuberculose, o que não foi possível concretizar, uma
vez que todas as amostras processadas apresentaram resultados negativos. Assim
não foi possível provar que os animais tinham fasciolose, embora muitos deles
apresentassem sinais clínicos da doença, estando realmente infectados, o que foi
provado mais tarde com uma prova serológica. Deste modo foi possível concluir que o
teste coprológico pode apresentar algumas limitações como meio de diagnóstico de
fasciolose bovina e que a prevalência desta parasitose pode ser mais importante do
que inicialmente se suspeitava.
ABSTRACT - Bovine fasciolosis: Clinical and epidemiological aspects in Alentejo - The common liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica, it´s a parasite whose primary intermediate host is the aquatic snail Lymnaea truncatula and may have several species as definitive hosts like domestic and wild ruminants, rodents, pigs, horses and humans. In cattle, fasciolosis is usually subclinical but can cause serious economic losses. It is therefore necessary that the veterinarians have available reliable diagnostic tools so that they can intervene prematurely in its control. This work consists of a theoretical part in which it is presented some important aspects of the disease, including epidemiological, clinical and prophylactic and a practical part consisting of the collection of feces, in a total of eight herds of cattle in the Alentejo, to search for eggs of F. hepatica, by a natural sedimentation method. The initial aim was to assess the impact of infection by F. hepatica in the diagnosis of tuberculosis, which was not possible to achieve, since all processed samples tested negative. So it was not possible to prove that the animals had fasciolosis, although many of them presented clinical signs of illness, and were actually infected, as proven later by a serological test. Thus it was concluded that the coprological test may present some limitations as a mean of diagnosis of bovine fasciolosis and that the prevalence of fasciolosis may be more important than initially suspected.
ABSTRACT - Bovine fasciolosis: Clinical and epidemiological aspects in Alentejo - The common liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica, it´s a parasite whose primary intermediate host is the aquatic snail Lymnaea truncatula and may have several species as definitive hosts like domestic and wild ruminants, rodents, pigs, horses and humans. In cattle, fasciolosis is usually subclinical but can cause serious economic losses. It is therefore necessary that the veterinarians have available reliable diagnostic tools so that they can intervene prematurely in its control. This work consists of a theoretical part in which it is presented some important aspects of the disease, including epidemiological, clinical and prophylactic and a practical part consisting of the collection of feces, in a total of eight herds of cattle in the Alentejo, to search for eggs of F. hepatica, by a natural sedimentation method. The initial aim was to assess the impact of infection by F. hepatica in the diagnosis of tuberculosis, which was not possible to achieve, since all processed samples tested negative. So it was not possible to prove that the animals had fasciolosis, although many of them presented clinical signs of illness, and were actually infected, as proven later by a serological test. Thus it was concluded that the coprological test may present some limitations as a mean of diagnosis of bovine fasciolosis and that the prevalence of fasciolosis may be more important than initially suspected.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Fasciolose bovina Fasciola hepatica Epidemiologia Diagnóstico Coprologia Bovine fasciolosis Epidemiology Diagnosis Coprology
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Costa, A.M.C.B. (2010). Fasciolose bovina : aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos no Alentejo. Dissertação de Mestrado. Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Lisboa.
Editora
Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária