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O Alzheimer é descrito como uma condição neurológica que resulta na perda de memória e num declínio cognitivo contínuo, levando o paciente a perder a capacidade de viver de forma independente, sendo necessária a assistência para realizar tarefas que anteriormente eram realizadas de forma autónoma. Neste contexto, os cuidadores informais desempenham um papel fundamental ao fornecer ajuda e apoio nessas tarefas, diariamente. A maioria destes cuidadores informais quando são confrontados com esta situação, não têm a preparação necessária, nem recebem formação adequada para responder aos desafios diários que surgem com a evolução da doença de Alzheimer. A falta desta capacitação provoca problemas aos cuidadores e pode colocar em risco a pessoa cuidada. Procurámos compreender como o Design de Interação pode auxiliar na capacitação dos cuidadores informais de pacientes com Alzheimer no ambiente de cuidados. O objetivo foi proporcionar-lhes a capacitação para responder de forma imediata e direta às necessidades do momento, através da criação de um protótipo de sistema interativo de treino integrado no ambiente do cuidador, utilizando os dispositivos que nele se encontram (telemóvel, computador, Smart Tv e tablet), não só para melhorar as suas habilidades de cuidado, mas também para promover uma melhor qualidade de vida tanto para os cuidadores quanto para os pacientes. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura, e foram conduzidas entrevistas exploratórias com cuidadores informais. De seguida, recorreu-se a vários métodos de investigação ativa: estudo do utilizador (persona, mapa de empatia, mapa de jornada), mapas mentais, esboços, arquitetura de informação, cenários, wireframes e prototipagem. No fim foram realizados testes de utilizador e usabilidade para verificar se o sistema vai ao encontro das necessidades dos cuidadores informais. Com esta investigação foi possível desenvolver um projeto para os cuidadores informais, através da ideação e criação de um sistema interativo de treino integrado no contexto doméstico dos pacientes de Alzheimer, aproveitando os dispositivos já existentes nesse ambiente, possibilitando uma capacitação mais simples e rápida.
Alzheimer’s is described as a neurological condition that results in memory loss and continuous cognitive decline, leading the patient to lose the ability to live independently, requiring assistance to perform tasks that were previously carried out autonomously. In this context, informal caregivers play a fundamental role in providing help and support in these tasks on a daily basis. Most of these informal caregivers, when faced with this situation, do not have the necessary preparation, nor do they receive adequate training to respond to the daily challenges that come with the progression of Alzheimer’s disease. The lack of this training causes problems for caregivers and can put the person being cared for at risk. This research seeks to understand how Interaction Design can help empower informal caregivers of Alzheimer’s patients in the care environment. The aim was to provide them with training that responds immediately and directly to the needs in the moment, by creating a prototype of a interactive training system integrated into the caregiver’s environment, using the devices in it (cell phone, computer, Smart TV and tablet), not only to improve their care skills, but also to promote a better quality of life for both caregivers and patients. A literature review was carried out and exploratory interviews were conducted with informal caregivers. Several active research methods were then used: user study (persona, empathy map, user journey), mind maps, sketches, information architecture, scenarios, wireframes and prototyping. In the end, user and usability tests were carried out to check if the system meets the needs of informal caregivers. With this research, it was possible to develop a project for informal caregivers, through the design and creation of an interactive training system integrated into the home context of Alzheimer’s patients, taking advantage of the devices that already exist in this environment, enabling simpler and faster training.
Alzheimer’s is described as a neurological condition that results in memory loss and continuous cognitive decline, leading the patient to lose the ability to live independently, requiring assistance to perform tasks that were previously carried out autonomously. In this context, informal caregivers play a fundamental role in providing help and support in these tasks on a daily basis. Most of these informal caregivers, when faced with this situation, do not have the necessary preparation, nor do they receive adequate training to respond to the daily challenges that come with the progression of Alzheimer’s disease. The lack of this training causes problems for caregivers and can put the person being cared for at risk. This research seeks to understand how Interaction Design can help empower informal caregivers of Alzheimer’s patients in the care environment. The aim was to provide them with training that responds immediately and directly to the needs in the moment, by creating a prototype of a interactive training system integrated into the caregiver’s environment, using the devices in it (cell phone, computer, Smart TV and tablet), not only to improve their care skills, but also to promote a better quality of life for both caregivers and patients. A literature review was carried out and exploratory interviews were conducted with informal caregivers. Several active research methods were then used: user study (persona, empathy map, user journey), mind maps, sketches, information architecture, scenarios, wireframes and prototyping. In the end, user and usability tests were carried out to check if the system meets the needs of informal caregivers. With this research, it was possible to develop a project for informal caregivers, through the design and creation of an interactive training system integrated into the home context of Alzheimer’s patients, taking advantage of the devices that already exist in this environment, enabling simpler and faster training.
Descrição
Dissertação de mestrado, Design de Interação, 2024, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura
Palavras-chave
design de interação capacitação cuidador informal doença de Alzheimer sistema de treino interaction design empowerment informal caregiver Alzheimer’s disease training system