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A insolvĂȘncia e a garantia dos trabalhadores
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Abstract(s)
OptĂĄmos pela anĂĄlise dos efeitos da declaração judicial de insolvĂȘncia no contrato de trabalho e das formas de tutela dos crĂ©ditos dos trabalhadores, por se tratar de uma temĂĄtica actual face ao aumento exponencial de declaraçÔes de insolvĂȘncia. Tanto no sistema jurĂdico comunitĂĄrio, como no sistema jurĂdico portuguĂȘs, o Direito do Trabalho Ă© bastante proteccionista no que toca Ă posição do trabalhador. Neste Ăąmbito destaca-se a Directiva n.Âș 80/987/CEE, de 20 de Outubro de 1980, referente Ă aproximação das legislaçÔes dos Estados-Membros relativa Ă protecção dos trabalhadores assalariados em caso de insolvĂȘncia do empregador. Esta Directiva foi, posteriormente, alterada pela Directiva 2002/874/CE, de 23 de Setembro de 2002 e, mais tarde, codificada pela Directiva 2008/94/CE, de 22 de Outubro de 2008. Consequentemente, analisaremos a transposição da Directiva para o ordenamento jurĂdico portuguĂȘs, verificando, contudo, que houve necessidade de rever o regime vigente, pois, nĂŁo se respeitava integralmente o regime daquela. NĂŁo prevendo o CIRE o regime jurĂdico aplicĂĄvel aos contratos de trabalho apĂłs a declaração de insolvĂȘncia, a doutrina Ă© unĂąnime na aplicação da lei laboral, nomeadamente o 347.Âș do CT. Assim, competece ao administrador da massa falida continuar a cumprir as obrigaçÔes inerentes aos contratos de trabalho, estando estes dependentes das vicissitudes da empresa - de manutenção, encerramento ou transmissĂŁo da empresa. Quanto Ă protecção dos crĂ©ditos laborais, restringimo-nos Ă s figuras tipificadas na legislação laboral, designadamente, pela previsĂŁo de um privilĂ©gio creditĂłrio mobiliĂĄrio geral e imobiliĂĄrio geral, bem como pelo pagamento antecipado dos crĂ©ditos laborais pelo Fundo de Garantia Salarial (artigos 333.Âș e 336.Âș do CT, respectivamente).
We have chosen for the analysis of the effects of the judicial declaration of insolvency in the contract of employment and of the ways of protecting the employees' claims, because it is an issue with the exponential increase in the number of statements of insolvency. Both the Community legal system, such as the Portuguese legal system, Labor Law is quite protectionist when it comes to the position of the worker. In this context it is the Directive no. 80/987/EEC of October 20, 1980, on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the protection of employees in the event of the insolvency of their employer. This Directive was subsequently amended by Directive 97/874/EC, of 23 September 2002 and, later, codified by Directive 2005/94/EC 2008, October 22, 2008. Consequently, we analyze the transposition of the Directive into the Portuguese legal system, noting, however, that there was a need to review the current scheme, therefore, is not fully complying with the scheme. Not providing the CIRE the legal regime applicable to the employment contracts after the declaration of insolvency, the doctrine is unanimous in the application of employment law, in particular the 347. Âș the Labor Code. Thus, it is up to the bankruptcy trustee continue to fulfill the obligations inherent in the contracts of employment, the latter being dependent on the vicissitudes of company - maintenance, closure or transfer of the business. As regards the protection of labor credits, We confined ourselves to figures typified in labor legislation, in particular by the provision of a credit privileges general furniture and general real estate, as well as by early payment of claims by labor Wage Guarantee Fund (articles 333.Âș and 336.Âș of the Labor code, respectively).
We have chosen for the analysis of the effects of the judicial declaration of insolvency in the contract of employment and of the ways of protecting the employees' claims, because it is an issue with the exponential increase in the number of statements of insolvency. Both the Community legal system, such as the Portuguese legal system, Labor Law is quite protectionist when it comes to the position of the worker. In this context it is the Directive no. 80/987/EEC of October 20, 1980, on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the protection of employees in the event of the insolvency of their employer. This Directive was subsequently amended by Directive 97/874/EC, of 23 September 2002 and, later, codified by Directive 2005/94/EC 2008, October 22, 2008. Consequently, we analyze the transposition of the Directive into the Portuguese legal system, noting, however, that there was a need to review the current scheme, therefore, is not fully complying with the scheme. Not providing the CIRE the legal regime applicable to the employment contracts after the declaration of insolvency, the doctrine is unanimous in the application of employment law, in particular the 347. Âș the Labor Code. Thus, it is up to the bankruptcy trustee continue to fulfill the obligations inherent in the contracts of employment, the latter being dependent on the vicissitudes of company - maintenance, closure or transfer of the business. As regards the protection of labor credits, We confined ourselves to figures typified in labor legislation, in particular by the provision of a credit privileges general furniture and general real estate, as well as by early payment of claims by labor Wage Guarantee Fund (articles 333.Âș and 336.Âș of the Labor code, respectively).
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Keywords
Direito da insolvĂȘncia CrĂ©ditos laborais Empregador Trabalhador Directiva comunitĂĄria Teses de mestrado - 2016