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O Programa Integrado de Educação e Formação (PIEF) : contributos para a avaliação da sua eficácia na prevenção do abandono escolar
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Com esta investigação pretendemos saber de que maneira o PIEF responde
mais eficazmente ao problema do abandono escolar e do trabalho infantil, contribuindo
para o combate à exclusão social. Procurámos explicar porque é que as Escolas
continuam a ser exclusivas, a fomentar situações de abandono, potenciando o
trabalho infantil e a exclusão social. Demonstrámos que o PIEF, medida educativa e
formativa, que privilegia as relações de afecto estabelecidas entre os actores,
representa o retomar de um percurso formativo dos jovens pelo regresso à escola para
a obtenção da titularidade do 2° ciclo, prosseguindo sonhos e projectos entretanto
truncados.
Esta dissertação compõe-se de duas partes: a primeira, refere-se ao
enquadramento legislativo e teórico do objecto de estudo e, a segunda, a um estudo
de caso.
No enquadramento legislativo e teórico abordámos a temática nas vertentes
legal e conceptual, contextualizando-a no panorama mundial e nacional, situando-a no
contexto do PEETI, explicitando a estratégia de combate à exploração do trabalho
infantil pelo PIEF. Reflectimos sobre as características que este apresenta (por
oposição à escola regular) dando conta de mudanças que terão de se efectuar a nível
político, social e escolar.
No estudo de caso realizado junto de alunos, professores e técnicos, de vários
PIEF; interpretámos os dados recolhidos e discutimo-los para responder às questões
Inicialmente enunciadas. Com efeito, tivemos como objectivo recolher dados através
de entrevistas seml-estruturadas e questionários de respostas abertas com vista à
análise das representações dos actores sobre a eficácia do PIEF no combate ao
trabalho infantil e, consequentemente, ao abandono escolar e exclusão social.
Finalmente, nas conclusões gerais, reflectimos sobre o processo referindo-nos
à necessidade de alteração de papéis por parte da escola, dos professores e dos
técnicos que terão de efectuar um acompanhamento mais afectivo e próximo dos
alunos, para que se possam colmatar lacunas, resgatando vidas e futuros.
With this investigation we Intend to know how Integrated Program of Education and Training (PIEF) deals, more efficiently, with the problem of school abandonment and child labour, contributing to fight social exclusion. We wanted to explain why schools remain their exclusion policy, promoting school abandonment and social exclusion. We demonstrated that PIEF, an educational and training measure, which favours affective relationships between the people involved, offers to the young people, the opportunity to reenter in a formative path of school to complete the 2nd cycle allowing them to pursue dreams and projects that had been put on hold. This dissertation consists in two parts: the first one refers to the legal framework and theoretical background of the study; the second part in a case study. Regarding the legal framework and theoretical background we approached the theme from a legal and conceptual perspective within the Plan for Elimination of Exploitation of Child Labour (PEETI) context, and explaining the PIEF strategy in the struggle against child labour. We reflected on its characteristics (by comparison with the standard school), identifying the necessary political, social and education changes. In the case study, which involves students, teachers and technicians of several PIEF. we interpreted and discussed the collected data in order to answer the initial questions. Our purpose was to gather information through semi-structured interviews and open answer questionnaires, aiming to analyse the actors' representations on the PIEF effectiveness regarding the struggle against child labour, and consequently against abandonment and social exclusion. Finally, in general conclusion, we reflected on the process, referring the need to change the rules of schools, teachers and technicians. These will have to develop a more affective and closer attendance on the students, in order to overcome flaws, rescuing lives and futures.
With this investigation we Intend to know how Integrated Program of Education and Training (PIEF) deals, more efficiently, with the problem of school abandonment and child labour, contributing to fight social exclusion. We wanted to explain why schools remain their exclusion policy, promoting school abandonment and social exclusion. We demonstrated that PIEF, an educational and training measure, which favours affective relationships between the people involved, offers to the young people, the opportunity to reenter in a formative path of school to complete the 2nd cycle allowing them to pursue dreams and projects that had been put on hold. This dissertation consists in two parts: the first one refers to the legal framework and theoretical background of the study; the second part in a case study. Regarding the legal framework and theoretical background we approached the theme from a legal and conceptual perspective within the Plan for Elimination of Exploitation of Child Labour (PEETI) context, and explaining the PIEF strategy in the struggle against child labour. We reflected on its characteristics (by comparison with the standard school), identifying the necessary political, social and education changes. In the case study, which involves students, teachers and technicians of several PIEF. we interpreted and discussed the collected data in order to answer the initial questions. Our purpose was to gather information through semi-structured interviews and open answer questionnaires, aiming to analyse the actors' representations on the PIEF effectiveness regarding the struggle against child labour, and consequently against abandonment and social exclusion. Finally, in general conclusion, we reflected on the process, referring the need to change the rules of schools, teachers and technicians. These will have to develop a more affective and closer attendance on the students, in order to overcome flaws, rescuing lives and futures.
Descrição
Tese de Mestrado em Ciências da Educação (Área de Especialização em Teoria e Desenvolvimento Curricular) apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, 2004
Palavras-chave
Teses de mestrado - 2004 Abandono escolar precoce Trabalho infantil - Portugal Direitos das crianças Exclusão social - Portugal Intervenção pedagógica Perfil dos professores