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Eutanásia em canídeos e felídeos
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Resumo(s)
A eutanásia é considerada uma prática comum na clínica dos animais de companhia, quer a
nível dos centros de atendimento médico-veterinário privados [CAMVs], quer a nível dos
centros municipais de recolha de animais. Nesta dissertação traçou-se um estudo
epidemiológico retrospectivo/descritivo, de forma a identificar os factores predisponentes
bem como as principais causas de eutanásia entre as populações canina e felina. Incluíramse
72 canídeos e 25 felídeos submetidos a eutanásia na Clínica Veterinária Azevet entre
Agosto de 2007 e Agosto de 2008, e inquiriu-se via correio electrónico 193 CAMVs a nível
nacional, e 13 canis e gatis municipais do distrito de Setúbal. Entre os 97 animais avaliados
verificou-se que a espécie canina foi preponderante (74,2%), que os machos de ambas as
espécies foram atingidos em maior número (56,9% canídeos; 52% felídeos), e que os
canídeos eram sobretudo de grande e médio porte (81,5%). A distribuição racial foi
heterogénea, com predominância da raça pura para os canídeos (59,7%), e da raça
indeterminada para os felídeos (82,7%). A faixa etária mais representativa foi a dos animais
com idade superior a 8 anos (57,1% canídeos; 52,2% felídeos). A idade avançada, e o
alegado baixo status económico do proprietário, constituíram os principais factores de risco
para a eutanásia. Em 57,3% dos canídeos e 76,0% dos felídeos foi alcançado o diagnóstico
da doença que os levou ao veterinário, sendo que 68% dos felídeos e 51,5% dos canídeos
foram submetidos a eutanásia com indicação médica. Grande parte dos animais não ìa às
consultas anuais de rotina, nem recebia a vacinação e desparasitação convenientemente
(78,0% canídeos; 90,5% felídeos). As principais causas de eutanásia identificadas para os
canídeos foram as neoplasias (40,3%), as doenças de causa desconhecida (16,7%), as
doenças cardiorespiratórias (7,0%) e as alterações comportamentais (7,0%). No que
concerne aos felídeos, as neoplasias (28,0%), as doenças do tracto urinário (24,0%) e o
trauma (16,0%), foram as causas de eutanásia mais registadas. Ao nível estadual, o
abandono e a incapacidade logística continuam a justificar grande parte das eutanásias
realizadas, algumas em animais saudáveis.
ABSTRACT - EUTHANASIA IN DOGS AND CATS - Euthanasia is considered a common practice in pet clinics, whether at private veterinary health centers [CAMVs] or at municipal animals shelters. In this essay, a retrospective/descriptive epidemiological study was traced out in order to identify the predisposing factors, as well as the main causes for euthanasia between cat and dog populations. This study includes 72 dogs and 25 cats which were euthanized at Azevet Veterinary Clinic between August 2007 and August 2008, and queries via e-mail were made to 193 national CAMVs and 13 local dog and cat shelters in the district of Setúbal. Among the 97 evaluated animals, the study showed that the canine species was predominant (74,2%), that the males of both species were the mostly affected (56,9% dogs; 52,0% cats), and that dogs were especially large and medium-sized (81,5%). The breed distribution was uneven, with predominance of pure breed dogs (59,7%), and for the mongrel cats (82,7%). The age range was more representative for animals older than 8 years of age (57,1% dogs, 52,2% cats). Advanced age and the alleged low economic status of its owners, were the main risk factors for euthanasia. In 57,3% of the canids and 76,0% of the felids it was possible to reach the diagnosis of the illness that took them to the veterinary, being that 68,0% of the cats and 51,5% of the dogs were subject to euthanasia under medical indication. The majority of these animals were not undertaking the annual routine checkups, nor did they receive the convenient vaccination and anti-parasitic treatment (78,0% dogs; 90,5% cats). The main identified causes for euthanasia among dogs were tumors (40,3%), diseases of unknown cause (16,7%), cardiorespiratory diseases (7,0%) and behavioral changes (7,0%). Whereas for cats, tumors (28,0%), urinary tract diseases (24,0%), and trauma (16,0%) were the most common reported reasons for euthanasia. At state level, abandonment and logistics inability continues to justify the great majority of the practiced euthanasia, some of them on healthy animals.
ABSTRACT - EUTHANASIA IN DOGS AND CATS - Euthanasia is considered a common practice in pet clinics, whether at private veterinary health centers [CAMVs] or at municipal animals shelters. In this essay, a retrospective/descriptive epidemiological study was traced out in order to identify the predisposing factors, as well as the main causes for euthanasia between cat and dog populations. This study includes 72 dogs and 25 cats which were euthanized at Azevet Veterinary Clinic between August 2007 and August 2008, and queries via e-mail were made to 193 national CAMVs and 13 local dog and cat shelters in the district of Setúbal. Among the 97 evaluated animals, the study showed that the canine species was predominant (74,2%), that the males of both species were the mostly affected (56,9% dogs; 52,0% cats), and that dogs were especially large and medium-sized (81,5%). The breed distribution was uneven, with predominance of pure breed dogs (59,7%), and for the mongrel cats (82,7%). The age range was more representative for animals older than 8 years of age (57,1% dogs, 52,2% cats). Advanced age and the alleged low economic status of its owners, were the main risk factors for euthanasia. In 57,3% of the canids and 76,0% of the felids it was possible to reach the diagnosis of the illness that took them to the veterinary, being that 68,0% of the cats and 51,5% of the dogs were subject to euthanasia under medical indication. The majority of these animals were not undertaking the annual routine checkups, nor did they receive the convenient vaccination and anti-parasitic treatment (78,0% dogs; 90,5% cats). The main identified causes for euthanasia among dogs were tumors (40,3%), diseases of unknown cause (16,7%), cardiorespiratory diseases (7,0%) and behavioral changes (7,0%). Whereas for cats, tumors (28,0%), urinary tract diseases (24,0%), and trauma (16,0%) were the most common reported reasons for euthanasia. At state level, abandonment and logistics inability continues to justify the great majority of the practiced euthanasia, some of them on healthy animals.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Eutanásia Epidemiologia Canídeo Felídeo Causas Prevenção Euthanasia Epidemiology Canine Feline Causes Prevention
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Rocha, A.A. (2010). Eutanásia em canídeos e felídeos. Dissertação de Mestrado. Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Lisboa.
Editora
Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária