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Portugal, assim como outros países da Europa, tem vindo a registar nas últimas décadas transformações demográficas significativas. Neste sentido, a problemática do envelhecimento populacional e as suas consequências ao nível da saúde têm despertado alguma preocupação, uma vez que a transição epidemiológica, aliada ao aumento do número de idosos, representa um desafio para a saúde pública.
A gestão da medicação tem sido reconhecida como uma importante função quotidiana essencial para uma vida segura e independente de todos aqueles que tomam medicamentos. Consequentemente, as alterações decorrentes da idade e que afetam a capacidade funcional física, a acuidade sensorial e a cognição, juntamente com a complexidade dos regimes terapêuticos, podem potencialmente dificultar a gestão da medicação para alguns idosos. Importa, por isso, avaliar a capacidade de gestão da medicação por parte dos indivíduos, através de ferramentas desenvolvidas para o efeito. A capacidade de autogestão da medicação pode ser, assim, utilizada como guia para intervenções direcionadas, com vista a promover o uso correto e seguro dos medicamentos pelos idosos.
Além disso, muitos desfechos adversos do ponto de vista da saúde podem ser evitáveis se forem tomadas medidas adequadas para lidar com os vários fatores de risco e otimizar a capacidade de gestão da medicação e a adesão à terapêutica. A par disso, um verdadeiro compromisso de investimento no envelhecimento ativo e saudável deve ser transversal e vertido em todas as políticas sectoriais, de modo a prevenir doenças, promover a saúde, manter a capacidade e a habilidade funcional dos idosos pelo maior período de tempo possível.
Neste sentido, em matéria do envelhecimento ativo e saudável, Portugal deve estar comprometido em aumentar a capacidade funcional das pessoas idosas, através da formulação de políticas, planos e estratégias de intervenção específicas a serem desenvolvidas pelos diferentes sectores da sociedade. Só assim se poderá perspetivar uma sociedade onde o processo de envelhecimento ao longo do ciclo de vida venha a conferir elevados níveis de saúde, bem-estar, qualidade de vida e realização pessoal à população idosa e na qual todos vivenciem um envelhecimento ativo, digno e saudável.
Portugal, like other European countries, has been experiencing significant demographic changes in recent decades. In this sense, the problem of population ageing and its health consequences have aroused some concern, since the epidemiological transition, together with the increasing number of elderly, represents a challenge for public health. Medication management has been recognized as an important daily function essential for a safe and independent life of all those who take medications. Consequently, changes resulting from age and affecting physical functional capacity, sensory acuity and cognition, together with the complexity of therapeutic regimens, can potentially hinder the management of medication for some elderly. It is therefore important to evaluate the ability of individuals to manage medication through tools developed for this purpose. The capacity of self-management of the medication can thus be used as a guide for targeted interventions, aiming to promote the correct and safe use of medication by the elderly. In addition, many adverse health outcomes can be preventable if appropriate measures are taken to address the various risk factors and optimize medication management capacity and adherence to therapy. A real commitment to invest in active and healthy ageing must be cross-cutting in all sectoral policies, in order to prevent diseases, promote health, maintain the capacity and functional capacity of the elderly for as long as possible. In this sense, in the area of active and healthy ageing, Portugal must be committed to increase the functional capacity of old people, through the formulation of specific policies, plans and intervention strategies to be developed by the different sectors of society. Only in this way can we look at a society where the ageing process throughout the life cycle will provide high levels of health, well-being, quality of life and personal fulfillment to the elderly population and in which everyone experiences an active, dignified and healthy ageing.
Portugal, like other European countries, has been experiencing significant demographic changes in recent decades. In this sense, the problem of population ageing and its health consequences have aroused some concern, since the epidemiological transition, together with the increasing number of elderly, represents a challenge for public health. Medication management has been recognized as an important daily function essential for a safe and independent life of all those who take medications. Consequently, changes resulting from age and affecting physical functional capacity, sensory acuity and cognition, together with the complexity of therapeutic regimens, can potentially hinder the management of medication for some elderly. It is therefore important to evaluate the ability of individuals to manage medication through tools developed for this purpose. The capacity of self-management of the medication can thus be used as a guide for targeted interventions, aiming to promote the correct and safe use of medication by the elderly. In addition, many adverse health outcomes can be preventable if appropriate measures are taken to address the various risk factors and optimize medication management capacity and adherence to therapy. A real commitment to invest in active and healthy ageing must be cross-cutting in all sectoral policies, in order to prevent diseases, promote health, maintain the capacity and functional capacity of the elderly for as long as possible. In this sense, in the area of active and healthy ageing, Portugal must be committed to increase the functional capacity of old people, through the formulation of specific policies, plans and intervention strategies to be developed by the different sectors of society. Only in this way can we look at a society where the ageing process throughout the life cycle will provide high levels of health, well-being, quality of life and personal fulfillment to the elderly population and in which everyone experiences an active, dignified and healthy ageing.
Descrição
Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, 2022, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia.
Palavras-chave
Envelhecimento saudável Avaliação geriátrica Capacidade funcional Gestão da medicação Políticas de saúde Mestrado integrado - 2022
