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A presente dissertação analisa de que forma os programas de cidadania e residência por investimento (CBI/RBI) podem ser utilizados para contornar os mecanismos de troca automática de informações fiscais (AEoI), em particular o Common Reporting Standard (CRS). Numa fase inicial, identificam-se técnicas concretas de utilização abusiva destes programas. Destaca-se, igualmente, a importância da aplicação rigorosa dos procedimentos de verificação (due diligence) por parte das instituições financeiras, propondo-se medidas destinadas a reforçar a integridade dos sistemas fiscais e a respetiva capacidade de deteção e mitigação de práticas potencialmente abusivas. Por fim, a dissertação aborda a posição crítica assumida pela União Europeia em relação a estes programas, procurando aferir se a censura de que são alvo se encontra justificada ou se subsistem fundamentos legítimos que justifiquem a sua manutenção.
This dissertation examines how citizenship and residence by investment programs (CBI/RBI) can be used to circumvent mechanisms of automatic exchange of financial information (AEoI), with particular focus on the Common Reporting Standard (CRS). It begins by identifying specific techniques through which these programs may be misused. The analysis also highlights the importance of the rigorous application of financial due diligence procedures by institutions, proposing measures aimed at strengthening the integrity of tax systems and their capacity to detect and mitigate potentially abusive practices. Finally, the dissertation addresses the critical stance adopted by the European Union towards these programs, seeking to assess whether such criticism is justified or whether legitimate grounds for their continued existence may still persist.
This dissertation examines how citizenship and residence by investment programs (CBI/RBI) can be used to circumvent mechanisms of automatic exchange of financial information (AEoI), with particular focus on the Common Reporting Standard (CRS). It begins by identifying specific techniques through which these programs may be misused. The analysis also highlights the importance of the rigorous application of financial due diligence procedures by institutions, proposing measures aimed at strengthening the integrity of tax systems and their capacity to detect and mitigate potentially abusive practices. Finally, the dissertation addresses the critical stance adopted by the European Union towards these programs, seeking to assess whether such criticism is justified or whether legitimate grounds for their continued existence may still persist.
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Direito e Prática Jurídica
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União Europeia Direito financeiro Direito fiscal Cidadania Investimento Auditoria prévia Teses de mestrado – 2026
