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Shitstorm : análise jurídico penal de um novo fenómeno
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Resumo(s)
O presente estudo analisa o papel descomunicante do direito penal português (lege lata) na mitigação da violência intersubjetiva hiper-real produzida pelo novo fenómeno Shitstorm, um fenómeno cibernético coletivo que coloca a(s) vítima(s) no epicentro de um grande volume de declarações negativas com potencial para afetar valores fundamentais da vida em comunidade. Neste contexto, adotando a denominada conceção significativa da ação, elaborada por VIVES ANTÓN, conclui-se que a intervenção punitiva do direito penal requer uma delimitação procedimental-argumentativa e racional que tenha em consideração o significado/sentido do bem jurídico- penal honra e da(s) ação(ões) realizadas pelo(s) agente(s). Além disso, tendo como pano de fundo o tipo legal de crime de difamação, examinase a dignidade punitiva do uso das funções “Partilhar” e “Gosto” na rede social Facebook, destacando-se o significado/sentido inequívoco e a incontroversa capacidade técnica da função “Partilhar” para reproduzir publicações, o que permite confirmar o tipo de ação do crime de difamação em autoria, ao contrário do que se verifica com a função “Gosto”. Sugere-se, ainda, que a confirmação do tipo de ação do crime de difamação em coautoria requer a análise individual dos comentários potencialmente ofensivos. Não são propostas alterações legislativas. No entanto, enfatiza-se a importância do pensamento crítico e extra-sistemático.
The present study analyses the non-communicative role of the Portuguese criminal law (lege lata) in minimizing the hyper-real intersubjective violence generated by the new phenomenon called Shitstorm, a collective cyber phenomenon that places the victim(s) at the epicenter of a large volume of negative statements which have the potential to impact fundamental community values. In this context, adopting the so-called Theory of Meaningful Action developed by VIVES ANTÓN, it is concluded that the punitive intervention of criminal law requires a procedural-argumentative and rational delimitation that takes into consideration the meaning of the legal criminal interest of honor and the action(s) carried out by the agent(s). Furthermore, having as background the legal type of defamation, the punitive dignity of using the "Share" and "Like" functions on the Facebook social network is examined, highlighting the unequivocal meaning and undeniable technical capacity of the "Share" function to reproduce posts, thereby confirming the type of action in authorship, in contrast to what is observed within the "Like" function. It is also suggested that confirming the type of action of defamation in co-authorship requires the individual analysis of potentially offensive comments. No legislative changes are proposed. However, the importance of critical and extra-systematic thinking is emphasized.
The present study analyses the non-communicative role of the Portuguese criminal law (lege lata) in minimizing the hyper-real intersubjective violence generated by the new phenomenon called Shitstorm, a collective cyber phenomenon that places the victim(s) at the epicenter of a large volume of negative statements which have the potential to impact fundamental community values. In this context, adopting the so-called Theory of Meaningful Action developed by VIVES ANTÓN, it is concluded that the punitive intervention of criminal law requires a procedural-argumentative and rational delimitation that takes into consideration the meaning of the legal criminal interest of honor and the action(s) carried out by the agent(s). Furthermore, having as background the legal type of defamation, the punitive dignity of using the "Share" and "Like" functions on the Facebook social network is examined, highlighting the unequivocal meaning and undeniable technical capacity of the "Share" function to reproduce posts, thereby confirming the type of action in authorship, in contrast to what is observed within the "Like" function. It is also suggested that confirming the type of action of defamation in co-authorship requires the individual analysis of potentially offensive comments. No legislative changes are proposed. However, the importance of critical and extra-systematic thinking is emphasized.
Descrição
Direito e Ciência Jurídica, 2025
Palavras-chave
Direito penal Teoria geral da infração Internet Crimes de difamação e de injúria Teses de mestrado - 2025