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Massa óssea cortical e fraturas de fragilidade na Coleção de Esqueletos Identificados do séc. XXI

Publication . Perinha, Andreia; Nogueira, Catarina; Umbelino, Cláudia; Silva, Ana Maria; Cunha, Eugénia; Curate, Francisco

A osteoporose é uma patologia metabólica óssea com maior incidência nas mulheres pós-menopáusicas e nas camadas mais idosas das populações atuais. Caracteriza-se pelo decréscimo da massa e da resistência ósseas, com aumento subsequente do risco de fratura. No presente trabalho, propõe-se, como objetivo principal, a compreensão dos padrões epidemiológicos da perda de massa óssea cortical numa amostra de indivíduos pertencente à Coleção de Esqueletos Identificados do século XXI (CEI/XXI) e da sua relação com as fraturas de fragilidade. Foram analisados 136 indivíduos {f=68;m= 68} pertencentes à CEI/XXI. Para a avaliação da perda de massa óssea procedeu-se à análise radiogramétrica do 2.º metacárpico. Verificou-se também a presença/ausência de fraturas de fragilidade (anca, úmero proximal, rádio distal e corpo vertebral). Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a perda de massa óssea está intimamente relacionada com o envelhecimento, sobretudo no sexo feminino. As fraturas de fragilidade são mais comuns nos indivíduos femininos e a idade aparenta ser um fator de risco para a sua ocorrência, contrariamente ao que acontece nos indivíduos masculinos.

2018Journal article

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Metacarpal cortical bone loss and osteoporotic fractures in the Coimbra Identified Skeletal Collection

Publication . Curate, Francisco; Perinha, Andreia; Silva, Ana Maria; Cunha, Eugénia; Umbelino, Cláudia; Nogueira, Catarina

There has been considerable progress in recent years in our understanding of the patterns of cortical bone loss in the second metacarpal in archeological skeletal samples. Nevertheless, cortical data from reference skeletal collections are insufficient, and the possible connection of metacarpal cortical parameters with osteoporotic fractures has not been thoroughly addressed. As such, this article aims to identify and explain sex‐specific and age‐associated metacarpal cortical bone loss in a large sample (N = 302; females: 154/males: 148) from the Coimbra Identified Skeletal Collection. Another objective is to evaluate the association of cortical and demographic features with osteoporotic fractures. Age‐related endocortical bone loss is significant in women but not evident in men. Periosteal accretion of the bone is absent in both sexes. Overall, there is a net loss of the cortical bone in women, whereas cortical bone strength seems to be preserved in men. The prevalence of osteoporotic fractures is similar in both sexes, with age at death significantly influencing the probability of exhibiting a fracture. Metacarpal cortical index does not seem to be an independent risk factor for osteoporotic fractures in this sample.

2019Journal article

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Sex determination from the femur in Portuguese populations with classical and machine-learning classifiers

Publication . Curate, Francisco; Umbelino, Cláudia; Perinha, A.; Nogueira, C.; Silva, Ana Maria; Cunha, Eugénia

The assessment of sex is of paramount importance in the establishment of the biological profile of a skeletal individual. Femoral relevance for sex estimation is indisputable, particularly when other exceedingly dimorphic skeletal regions are missing. As such, this study intended to generate population-specific osteometric models for the estimation of sex with the femur and to compare the accuracy of the models obtained through classical and machine-learning classifiers. A set of 15 standard femoral measurements was acquired in a training sample (100 females; 100 males) from the Coimbra Identified Skeletal Collection (University of Coimbra, Portugal) and models for sex classification were produced with logistic regression (LR), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), support vector machines (SVM), and reduce error pruning trees (REPTree). Under cross-validation, univariable sectioning points generated with REPTree correctly estimated sex in 60.0-87.5% of cases (systematic error ranging from 0.0 to 37.0%), while multivariable models correctly classified sex in 84.0-92.5% of cases (bias from 0.0 to 7.0%). All models were assessed in a holdout sample (24 females; 34 males) from the 21st Century Identified Skeletal Collection (University of Coimbra, Portugal), with an allocation accuracy ranging from 56.9 to 86.2% (bias from 4.4 to 67.0%) in the univariable models, and from 84.5 to 89.7% (bias from 3.7 to 23.3%) in the multivariable models. This study makes available a detailed description of sexual dimorphism in femoral linear dimensions in two Portuguese identified skeletal samples, emphasizing the relevance of the femur for the estimation of sex in skeletal remains in diverse conditions of completeness and preservation.

2017Journal article

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