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Conhecimento científico como promotor de potência colonial: O caso das missões científicas de foro antropológico
Publication . Matos, Patrícia Ferraz de
This text approaches a set of initiatives that were carried out with the purpose of producing scientific knowledge on the former Portuguese colonies. Through a series of varied instructions, several elements were collected in those places, which were subsequently systematised and analysed, or organised and exhibited in museums, at the then metropolis. The outcome of some of these studies was presented at the university and at scientific meetings, published in journals and books, or disclosed in exhibitions and initiatives rather aimed at a mass audience. As a theoretical basis, the text is inspired by two fundamental ideas by Steven Shapin (1996/1999): that knowledge does not exist outside a practical activity and that science is a practice carried out by human actors in specific historical contexts. The text’s argument is that, behind this motivation for scientific production, we find not only the will to better know the colonial spaces, so that they could be better managed and explored, but also the country’s purpose of asserting itself as a colonial potency, especially in the European context of the time. Among the undertaken scientific missions, I will highlight the ones of anthropological focus. These missions have possibly contributed to the consolidation of anthropology within the scientific domain and to the diversification of its areas of action. This process was further consolidated by the historical context experienced in Portugal between the 1930s and the 1950s, and by the impact elicited by the dynamic action of some social actors in the scientific and political domains.
Homo technologicus? Desafios trazidos pela tecnologia no passado e no presente
Publication . Matos, Patrícia Ferraz de
Neste texto as ideias acerca da tecnologia e antitecnologia foram analisadas em dois contextos:
o industrial (com as mudanças trazidas pela Revolução Industrial) e o da cibercultura (com as
mudanças trazidas pela Internet). A utilização da tecnologia não foi sempre bem recebida aquando do
seu aparecimento e existem vários exemplos de resistência relativamente à mesma. Contudo, com o
tempo, foi recebendo cada vez mais adeptos, dadas as inúmeras vantagens que trouxe, tanto ao nível
do trabalho, da saúde e da segurança, como a nível doméstico. Persiste ainda, todavia, o receio de
as máquinas e as tecnologias poderem prejudicar as vidas dos seres humanos – pela sua utilização
excessiva ou pela potencial destruição que encerram em si.
Inclusions and exclusions in the production and circulation of scientific knowledge: the case of the Royal Anthropological Institute (RAI) and the Portuguese Society of Anthropology and Ethnology (SPAE)
Publication . Matos, Patrícia Ferraz de
This text examines and demonstrates why the activity of two European
scientific societies carried out approximately from 1918 to 1960 (although both
are still active today) enables us to study inclusion and exclusion dynamics.1
These dynamics will be analysed based on the study of the relationship
between the Royal Anthropological Institute (rai) – created in 1871 and still
recognised and renowned internationally today – and the Portuguese Society
of Anthropology and Ethnology (spae, Sociedade Portuguesa de Antropologia
e Etnologia) – founded in 1918 and whose activity is nowadays considered
peripheral. Nevertheless, during the first half of the 20th century, these societies
shared some of their members, exchanged ideas, research and publications,
and cooperated in the organisation of several international events.
Entre el mito y la realidad: Desplazamientos de personas, propaganda de Estado e imaginario del Imperio Colonial Portugués
Publication . Matos, Patrícia Ferraz de
Este artículo se centra en ejemplos de desplazamientos ocurridos en
distintos lugares, y que los portugueses han administrado o influenciado.
Mi argumento es que en la época del “Estado Novo” (1933-
1974), este desplazamiento estuvo influenciado por la propaganda
colonial y por las iniciativas apoyadas por el régimen político portugués,
lo que contribuyó a instaurar un concepto imaginario relacionado
con dichos lugares, así como con el denominado Imperio
Colonial Portugués. He considerado aquellos grupos cuyo desplazamiento
ha contribuido a establecer el concepto de “Imperio Portugués”
y a la difusión de las culturas por los distintos lugares. Centraré
mi análisis en los desplazamientos voluntarios (o alentados) de individuos
portugueses desde la metrópolis hacia las colonias, ocurridos
desde finales del siglo xix hasta los años setenta del siglo xx con el
objetivo de contribuir al desarrollo de estos territorios. Estos desplazamientos
han influenciado la forma en que se recuerda al Imperio
Portugués, y los conceptos y prejuicios vinculados con dicho imperio.
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Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
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SFRH
Número da atribuição
SFRH/BPD/91349/2012