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Toll-like receptor 9 gene in periodontal disease : promising biomarker
Publication . Anjo, Nuno Gonçalves; Pinheiro, Fátima Leite; Ribeiro, Ricardo; Requicha, João Filipe; Lourenço, Ana Luísa; Dias, Isabel; Viegas, Carlos; Bastos, Estela
Periodontal Disease is an infectious and inflammatory disorder triggered mainly by periodontopathogenic bacteria, however, as a multifactorial disease, several factors modulate its progression, namely, genetic factors. Toll-like receptors (TLR) recognize molecular patterns present in pathogens and trigger an immune response against them. Thus, sequences variants in TLR genes seem to have the potential to modify the predisposition to Periodontal Disease and its progression. Based on this fact, TLR9 gene were analysed in a case-control study. DNA was obtained from 90 dogs (50 control and 40 cases) and a fragment of TLR9 gene was amplified by PCR and sequenced. The variants were identified by comparison with the dog wild type sequences. Our results suggest that rs375556098 and rs201959275 polymorphisms in the TLR9 gene are good candidates to become biomarkers of the canine predisposition to Periodontal Disease. It's important to notice that these polymorphic sites exist in Human exactly in the same codon. Since the dog is the best animal model to replicate the pathophysiological mechanisms of human Periodontal Disease, these results can potentially be extrapolated to humans.
Linking sap flow and trunk diameter measurements to assess water dynamics of Touriga-Nacional grapevines trained in cordon and Guyot systems
Publication . Malheiro, Aureliano C.; Pires, Mafalda; Conceição, Nuno; Claro, Ana M.; Dinis, Lia-Tânia; Moutinho-Pereira, José
The present research aimed to evaluate the water dynamics of grapevines trained in Cordon
and Guyot systems by coupling sap flow and trunk diameter measurements under Mediterranean
climate conditions. The study was conducted in a vineyard with Touriga-Nacional located at the
Douro Valley, Portugal, during 2017. The results showed daily trunk diameter fluctuations (TDFs),
with the contraction, recovery and increment phases and higher sap flow (SF) rates at earlier stages.
Under harsh pedoclimatic conditions, SF was reduced and TDF flattened. Rehydration and stomatal
mechanisms were mostly associated with these responses. Guyot vines showed higher changes in
TDF for the same SF values, whereas the TDFs of Cordon vines remained practically unchanged over
maturation. Guyot vines generally showed increased values of cumulative increment and maximum
daily trunk shrinkage. Although Guyot vines had a similar leaf area index (LAI), they showed
higher SF/LAI ratios than Cordon vines. These results highlight the e ect of the shorter length
of the hydraulic pathways of the Guyot training system, in contrast to the higher trunk and the
permanent horizontal branch (cordon) of the Cordon training system, indicating good adaptation to
local pedoclimatic conditions. The study pointed to the complementary use of both techniques in the
evaluation of grapevine water dynamics
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Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Programa de financiamento
5876
Número da atribuição
UID/AGR/04033/2013