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- Children, citizenship and crisis: towards a participatory agendaPublication . Almeida, Ana Nunes de; Ribeiro, Ana Sofia; Rowland, JussaraChildren’s citizenship has become a major theme in contemporary social policy and science debates, and children’s rights have gradually emerged as benchmarks for many national, regional or local policy narratives, consistent with the un Convention on the Rights of the Child (un 1989). Indeed, the uncrc concept of citizenship encompasses, for the first time, participation, provision but also participation rights. The attention has focused not only on children’s “superior interest” but also on their agency capacities and their participatory rights, considering them active and competent actors in social relationships, who have a voice, irrespective of those of adults. Crises, caused by disasters, economic and social adversities are moments of disruption where the pre-existing unequal social ties between individuals or groups in society become more visible, evidencing different access to citizenship status. Children have very often been portrayed as passive and helpless victims or as vulnerable recipients of aid in crisis situations, with little attention given to their ability to perceive and interpret these phenomena, or what they can contribute to public policies that address these issues.
- Crianças, Cidadania e Desigualdade em contextos de crisePublication . Nunes De Almeida, Ana; Ribeiro Santos, Ana Sofia; Rowland, JussaraCorrentes teóricas na sociologia têm defendido que a ordem geracional (onde se inscrevem adultos e crianças) deve ser considerada uma fratura fundadora e permanente das sociedades contemporâneas (Qvortrup, 2001). Para além das clivagens entre classes ou assimetrias de género, a desigualdade entre as gerações seria um traço permanente e estrutural na origem de fortes assimetrias no acesso a recursos económicos, políticos e espaciais. Neste capítulo pretendemos discutir a questão das desigualdades sociais, convocando para o efeito o ponto de vista e o lugar das crianças e fazendo, por essa via, a relação com a questão da sua cidadania e as políticas públicas. Este olhar é por outro lado cruzado com um outro que privilegia a crise como momento de observação. Veremos como introduzir a perspetiva infantil que aborda o mundo "de baixo para cima" e em contexto de crise constitui uma interessante porta de entrada no tema deste volume.
- Children in Disaster Risk Reduction in Portugal: Policies, Education, and (Non) ParticipationPublication . Delicado, Ana; Rowland, Jussara; Fonseca, Susana; Almeida, Ana Nunes de; Schmidt, Luísa; Ribeiro, Ana SofiaInternational agencies and scientific research have been calling for the inclusion of children in disaster preparedness and risk reduction, to hear their voices in order to address their specific needs and vulnerabilities and harness their capabilities in terms of building community resilience. This article assesses the roles ascribed to children in policy and education for disaster risk reduction in Portugal. The approach is based on a scoping methodology that encompasses document analysis and interviews with national and local stakeholders and policymakers in the disaster risk reduction field. The research is carried out within the scope of a European funded project, CUIDAR Cultures of Disaster Resilience among Children and Young People. More specifically, the article provides an overview of the discourses on the roles ascribed to children in urban disaster risk reduction (DRR). The authors maintain that although children are often taken as a target group in urban disaster prevention and management, they are seldom considered in terms of active participation in disaster risk reduction programs in the Portuguese context. Nevertheless, our analysis shows that there is a growing awareness of the relevance of active participation by children in order to create successful DRR.