MARE - Livros e Capítulos de Livros
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Depósito de livros e capítulos de livros, incluindo livros de actas (formato dos ficheiros pdfA)
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- PESCA SUSTENTÁVEL – A IMPORTÂNCIA DE DIVERSIFICAR O CONSUMO DE PESCADOPublication . Mascarenhas dos Santos Teixeira, Célia Maria; Coelho, Manuel Pacheco; Gil, M.M.; Pita, Cristina Brice; Silva, Priscila
- Chapter 12 - Modelling the effects of climate change in estuarine ecosystems with coupled hydrodynamic and biogeochemical modelsPublication . Rodrigues, Marta; Oliveira, Anabela; Queiroga, Henrique; Brotas, Vanda; Fortunato, André BustorffEstuaries are among the most productive ecosystems on Earth and provide multiple ecosystem services. They harbor ecologically important habitats for fish, shellfish, and birds and support diverse human activities (e.g., marine transportation, fishing, and tourism). However, climate change, together with the predicted increase of human activities, may increase the hazards in these systems and alter estuarine ecosystems dynamics. Coupled hydrodynamics and biogeochemical numerical models, which jointly simulate the physical, chemical, and biological processes at the relevant spatial and temporal scales, are useful tools to support climate change impact studies on estuarine ecosystems dynamics. A general overview of some well-established coupled hydrodynamic–biogeochemical models is presented and their use to support the study of climate change impacts on estuarine ecosystems is discussed. The use of coupled hydrodynamic–biogeochemical models to support the long-term, climate-adapt management of estuarine ecosystems and the definition of mitigation and adaptation strategies within a climate change context is demonstrated with a case study: the evaluation of climate change impacts in the lower trophic levels dynamics in the Aveiro lagoon using the model ECO-SELFE. Existing coupled hydrodynamic–biogeochemical models already have numerous benefits in climate change impact studies. Future research should improve these models’ capabilities to reduce limitations and uncertainties, in particular those related to the coupled representation of the physical and biological processes and their feedbacks over long time scales.
- Lampreys: Environmental Physiology ☆Publication . Ferreira-Martins, D.; Reis-Santos, PatrickLampreys have survived in their present form for at least 360 million years due to adaptations that allow them to cope with a range of environmental challenges, including those experienced during their complex life cycle. A monomeric, high O2-affinity hemoglobin allows lampreys to tolerate hypoxic waters, such as those faced by burrow-dwelling larval lampreys within the substrate of streams. A switch from unidirectionally ventilated to tidally ventilated gills after metamorphosis allows parasitic lampreys to breath while attached to fish during feeding. The gills and kidneys are also restructured, taking up and retaining Na+ and Cl− in dilute freshwaters, but excreting these ions in salt water. Phylogenetically ancient lampreys provide us with unique insight into the challenges and adaptations faced by ancestral vertebrates, and how physiological processes evolved in the vertebrates.
- Chromium Phyto-transformation in Salt Marshes: The Role of HalophytesPublication . Caçador, Isabel; Duarte, BernardoWetlands, in particular salt marshes, are very interesting field laboratories to study metal biogeochemistry, namely, Cr. Due to the heavily industrialized history of most of estuarine systems, salt marshes became large deposits of heavy metals. Due to the large affinity of Cr to the medium organic matter, the removal of Cr throughout natural or enhanced processes occurs throughout plant-mediated processes. Naturally, plants acquire during their life cycle nutrients from their sediments but also some non-nutritional elements, like Cr, and store them in their tissues. In the last decades, this natural ability attracted the attention of several projects focusing on the enhancement of this process throughout the application of transporter molecules, like LMWOA, in order to increase the sediment-plant Cr transport. Due to its chemistry, Cr presents to oxidation states, Cr (III) and Cr (VI), being this last very toxic. Thus it became important to study not only the plant accumulation capacity but also the root-mediated processes of phyto-conversion of Cr (VI) toxic form to the less toxic Cr (III). Again, halophytes acquire an important role with high conversion efficiencies. All these passive and enhanced processes point out to a promising biotechnology using halophytes as potential cleaners of Cr-contaminated sediments, using environmental-friendly and low-cost technologies.
- How to Succeed in Marketing Marine Natural Products for Nutraceutical, Pharmaceutical and Cosmeceutical MarketsPublication . Calado, Ricardo; Leal, Miguel Costa; Gaspar, Helena; Santos, Susana; Marques, António; Nunes, Maria Leonor; Vieira, HelenaThe marine ecosystem shelters a vast number of macro- and microorganisms that have developed unique metabolic skills to survive in diverse and hostile habitats. These survival strategies often result in the biosynthesis of an array of secondary metabolites with specific activities and functions in the cellular context. Several metabolites can give origin to high-value commercial products for nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical markets, among others. This chapter outlines those industries’ paths for marketing marine natural products (MNPs), from discovery and development up to final product marketing. Focus is given on compounds that successfully reached the market and, particularly, the approaches employed by the nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical companies that succeeded in marketing those products. Some key failures in each market segment are analysed, allowing lessons to be learned and key hurdles to be avoided in MNP development. The main challenges faced during MNP programs are assessed and mapped in the market funnel of common product development routes. Suggestions to surpass these challenges are provided, in order to improve market entry success rates of highly promising marine bioactives in current pipelines, highlighting what can be applied to novel and/or ongoing MNP development programs.