Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2020-05-05"
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- Miopia Estratégica na Corporate GovernancePublication . Araújo, Sara Costa; Ribeiro,António da SilvaO objetivo da investigação é testar o vetor cognitivo da tomada de decisão em conselhos de administração. Será testada a definição de Miopia Estratégica de Ribeiro (2019), especificamente na identificação de potenciais inconsistências no entendimento do conceito de estratégia e da sua relação com o processo de tomada de decisão. Será investigado o processo de decisão relativo à utilização dos recursos escassos para atingir a visão. A questão nuclear de investigação procura identificar: “Quais os fatores que potenciam a miopia estratégica na Corporate Governance?” Procurou-se identificar lacunas dos decisores e dos conselhos de administração, relativamente à execução das decisões, verificar a [in]consistência das narrativas entre entrevistados, analisando os motivos e a sua justificação, bem como determinar um potencial padrão. Nas opções metodológicas foi seguida uma metodologia pragmático-realista e um método de abordagem qualitativo, empírico e exploratório, envolvendo entrevistas de elite semiestruturadas, com diversidade de género, membros de conselhos de administração envolvidos na temática da dissertação.Os resultados foram analisados, comparados e agrupados nos três tópicos centrais de investigação – Corporate Governance, Processo de Tomada de Decisão e Estratégia –, foi construída a narrativa, que constitui o cerne da investigação utilizando fontes primárias, donde foram retiradas conclusões e desenvolvido um quadro conceptual. A partir da investigação, emergiram doze conclusões de pesquisa, agrupadas naqueles três tópicos, analisadas numa matriz TOWS agregadora de nove objetivos estratégicos. Testa-se e verificase o conceito de Miopia Estratégica de Ribeiro (2019) e teorizam-se dois subconceitos que emergiram da investigação designados por Miopia Estratégica Instrumental e Miopia Estratégica Impulsiva. Com base neste fluxo foi desenvolvido um “Modelo Tentativo de Corporate Governance” com o objetivo de mitigar situações de Miopia Estratégica Impulsiva e de Miopia Estratégica Instrumental, resultando num modelo tentativo para o processo de tomada de decisão informada, superando as barreiras identificadas na investigação.
- Art (Portugal)Publication . Lapa, PedroThe Great War coincided with a period of great changes and conceptions as regards artistic trends. The official nomination of painter Sousa Lopes to represent Portugal in the global conflict followed the precepts of traditional history painting; however, the results reveal a limit to its realization. In turn, modernist artists distanced themselves from the war – only soldier Christiano Cruz would produce non-state-commissioned paintings from a modernist perspective that allowed a reflection on modern art and war. [Com o apoio Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia - FCT]
- Environmental Risks, Challenges and Opportunities Along the African Belt and Road InitiativePublication . Ascensão, F. J. P. M.China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is playing a central role in the infrastructure development of Africa, with investments centered in the transportation and energy sectors, aiming to promote the long-desired growth of trade routes between and within African regions and the world. The expansion of transportation infrastructures, seaports and airports, as well of power-lines and other linear infrastructures, is expected to foster the development of industries and economy, by improving the connectivity between human settlements and main trade hubs. However, despite the expected benefits for human well-being, the feedback of development boosted by the BRI may come with a high toll for the environment in Africa. I briefly discuss how this major development driver may threaten Africa’s unique biodiversity. Also, I highlight some unpredicted costs of infrastructures that may jeopardize the economic growth and prosperity and identify big challenges for the pacific implementation of the BRI, namely the lack of environmental commitment by Chinese companies abroad, and the poor governance in African countries. I also identify great opportunities to be pursued for sustainable coexistence between development and conservation, including broadening education to more populations, and increasing food production.
- Norovirus outbreaks in the portuguese armyPublication . João, António Eduardo Bruno Lopes; Alexandre, Maria de São José Garcia; Gonçalves, Carlos PenhaGastrointestinal infections have consistently been among the most frequent diseases and non-battle injuries, degrading operational effectiveness and force readiness in the military. Noroviruses appear as the most frequent agents causing acute gastrointestinal illness both in maritime and land theatres of operations, as well as in stationed troops or military training centers in many western countries. Nevertheless, little is known on the burden of norovirus gastroenteritis in the Portuguese military. In this work we set out to establish a gastroenteritis outbreak surveillance system (GOSS) to report disease cases to the Bromatology and Biologic Defense Laboratory during the five-year period, 2013-2017. During this period 14 gastroenteritis outbreaks were registered that affected a total of 410 military. Noroviruses were responsible for the majority of the outbreaks (8/14) and disease cases (210/410). Norovirus outbreaks occurred either in military exercises or in military bases and showed to have an impact on force readiness and operational effectiveness. In most cases the origin of the outbreaks was difficult to confirm but five (63%) were likely foodborne (including food handlers) or waterborne and three (37%) had predominant person-to-person transmission. Outbreaks were caused by both genogroup (G) I and II, but G II clearly outnumber those caused by G I (6/8) and case numbers (145/210). Norovirus GI was associated with waterborne outbreaks while GII was associated to foodborne and person-to-person transmission. Each outbreak was caused by a different genotype highlighting the high genetic diversity of the circulating noroviruses. Three of the identified genotypes (GI.9, GII.17 and GII.16-GII.2) were reported for the first time in Portugal. In conclusion, the present thesis identified norovirus as the most important etiologic agent of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks and the most frequent cause of food- and waterborne illness in the Portuguese Army. This work had contributed to change preventive measures and allowed the reinforcement of control actions that minimized the impact of norovirus outbreaks.