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Resumo(s)
Entre vozes e gestos, em investigaçÔes acadĂȘmicas, discursos militantes e conversas cotidianas de surdos e ouvintes ligados Ă s causas surdas, muito se diz sobre as culturas e identidades surdas. Termos e expressĂ”es como âdeafhoodâ, âser Surdoâ, âdeaf gainâ, âouvintismoâ, âlĂnguas de sinaisâ, âensino bilĂngueâ e âinclusĂŁoâ avolumam-se, dia a dia, em mĂŁos e falas de diferentes sujeitos. Em oposição Ă prĂĄticas ouvintizadoras, que entendem a surdez por perspectivas mĂ©dicas (atreladas Ă s ideias de deficiĂȘncia, falta e reabilitação), novos discursos assumem o âser Surdoâ por olhares sĂłcio-antropolĂłgicos, como uma expressĂŁo identitĂĄria ligada a um substrato cultural especĂfico. Essa assumpção, que desloca a surdez de contextos clĂnicos para o campo dos Estudos Culturais, e que confronta a noção de deficiĂȘncia (pela afirmação da diferença), fundamenta uma sĂ©rie de revisĂ”es no que diz respeito a prĂĄticas de inclusĂŁo â por vezes levadas a cabo como esforços normalizadores, de achatamento e apagamento cultural. Assim, com uma contextualização histĂłrica da surdez e uma incursĂŁo pelo universo das identidades surdas, este trabalho salienta a riqueza e a imensidĂŁo das culturas surdas, bem como problematiza os porquĂȘs de sua pouca visibilidade e de seu grande desconhecimento por parte do pĂșblico ouvinte. Com isso, entende-se a forma como o que Ă© ouvido sobre a surdez e sobre inclusĂŁo nos discursos hegemĂŽnicos configura o (pouco) que Ă© visto e sabido sobre as comunidades e culturas surdas.
ABSTRACT Spoken and signed, in academic research, militant speeches and daily conversations of deaf and hearing people connected with Deaf causes, a lot is said about deaf cultures and deaf identities. Terms and expressions such as deafhood, deaf gain, audism, sign languages, bilingual education and inclusion gain strength on a daily basis in the hands of a variety of sources. In opposition to audist practices, which perceive deafness through medical terms (chained to ideas such as deficiency, handicap and rehabilitation), new ways of seeing things view âbeing Deafâ through an expression of identity linked to a specific cultural substrata. This assumption, which shifts deafness from a clinical context to a cultural study context and confronts the notion of deficiency (emphasis on being different), it justifies a number of reforms that are to do with inclusion practices â sometimes taken as normalising efforts and cultural erasure. As such, contextualising the history of deafness and deaf identities, this paper emphasises the richness of the deaf cultures, as well as explaining why it has such low visibility and understanding from the general public. This is part of how deafness is comprehended and how inclusion in hegemony speeches shapes what (little) is seen and known about deaf cultures and communities.
ABSTRACT Spoken and signed, in academic research, militant speeches and daily conversations of deaf and hearing people connected with Deaf causes, a lot is said about deaf cultures and deaf identities. Terms and expressions such as deafhood, deaf gain, audism, sign languages, bilingual education and inclusion gain strength on a daily basis in the hands of a variety of sources. In opposition to audist practices, which perceive deafness through medical terms (chained to ideas such as deficiency, handicap and rehabilitation), new ways of seeing things view âbeing Deafâ through an expression of identity linked to a specific cultural substrata. This assumption, which shifts deafness from a clinical context to a cultural study context and confronts the notion of deficiency (emphasis on being different), it justifies a number of reforms that are to do with inclusion practices â sometimes taken as normalising efforts and cultural erasure. As such, contextualising the history of deafness and deaf identities, this paper emphasises the richness of the deaf cultures, as well as explaining why it has such low visibility and understanding from the general public. This is part of how deafness is comprehended and how inclusion in hegemony speeches shapes what (little) is seen and known about deaf cultures and communities.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Cultura e Comunicação, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2012
Palavras-chave
Surdos - CondiçÔes sociais Surdos - Integração Surdos - Identidade colectiva Teses de mestrado - 2012
