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Anxiety and depression levels in Pre-exposure Prophylaxis-PrEP users : a retrospective observational cohort study
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Introdução: A profilaxia pré-exposição (PrEP) é uma estratégia eficaz de prevenção do VIH com o potencial de reduzir a ansiedade relacionada com a infeção em pessoas com risco de contrair o vírus. Métodos: Estudo coorte unicêntrico, observacional retrospetivo, longitudinal baseado num estudo anterior. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar os níveis de ansiedade associados à transmissão VIH em participantes a realizar PrEP atualmente, de forma a compreender se há uma maior redução desses níveis considerando uma duração mais prolongada do tratamento. Os participantes foram recrutados do Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, e as informações demográficas e clínicas foram recolhidas. Os sintomas depressivos foram avaliados utilizando o questionário PHQ-9, e os sintomas de ansiedade generalizada foram avaliados utilizando o questionário GAD-7. A análise estatística foi realizada através do software SPSS, incluindo estatísticas descritivas e testes qui-quadrado e teste-t para comparações. Resultados: 39 participantes completaram os questionários, sendo a idade média de 34,85 anos. Cerca de metade relatou não ter contraído IST após iniciar a PrEP. Uma proporção significativa apresentava ansiedade moderada a grave (GAD-7 ≥ 10) (30,8%) e sintomas depressivos (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) (38,5%). Os participantes que utilizaram a PrEP por um maior período apresentaram pontuações mais baixas de ansiedade relacionada com VIH. Não foram observadas diferenças em relação à idade, educação, estado de relacionamento ou taxas de ISTs entre os grupos. Os participantes com maior ansiedade ou sintomas depressivos apresentaram pontuações mais altas de ansiedade relacionada com VIH. Conclusões: Os participantes que têm estado a realizar PrEP por um maior período estão associados independentemente a níveis inferiores de ansiedade relacionada à transmissão do VIH. Enfatizando a importância de considerar fatores individuais e estruturais nas estratégias de prevenção do VIH e destacando a necessidade de aumentar a consciencialização, o acesso e a educação sobre a PrEP.
Introduction: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective HIV prevention strategy that may reduce HIV anxiety among people at risk of contracting this infection. Methods: A single-center, longitudinal, retrospective observational cohort study was performed. The aim of the study was to evaluate anxiety levels associated with HIV transmission in participants currently receiving PrEP treatment and understand if there is a further reduction of those levels considering a longer treatment duration. Participants were recruited from PrEP appointments in the Beatriz Ângelo Hospital, and their demographic and clinical information was collected. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the PHQ-9 questionnaire, while generalized anxiety symptoms were evaluated using the GAD-7 questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, including descriptive statistics and chi-square and t-tests for comparisons. Results: Among the 39 participants that completed the questionnaires, the mean age was 34.85 years. About half reported not having an STI after starting PrEP. A significant proportion had moderate to severe anxiety (GAD-7 ≥ 10) (30.8%) and depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) (38.5%). Participants who used PrEP for a longer period had lower HIV anxiety scores. No differences were observed considering the age, education, relationship status, or STI rates between the groups. Participants with higher anxiety or depressive symptoms had higher HIV anxiety scores. Conclusions: Participants who had been doing PrEP for a longer period were independently associated with lower levels of HIV-related anxiety. This emphasizes the importance of considering individual-level and structural factors in HIV prevention strategies and highlights the need for increased awareness, access, and education about PrEP to reach more individuals at risk.
Introduction: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective HIV prevention strategy that may reduce HIV anxiety among people at risk of contracting this infection. Methods: A single-center, longitudinal, retrospective observational cohort study was performed. The aim of the study was to evaluate anxiety levels associated with HIV transmission in participants currently receiving PrEP treatment and understand if there is a further reduction of those levels considering a longer treatment duration. Participants were recruited from PrEP appointments in the Beatriz Ângelo Hospital, and their demographic and clinical information was collected. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the PHQ-9 questionnaire, while generalized anxiety symptoms were evaluated using the GAD-7 questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, including descriptive statistics and chi-square and t-tests for comparisons. Results: Among the 39 participants that completed the questionnaires, the mean age was 34.85 years. About half reported not having an STI after starting PrEP. A significant proportion had moderate to severe anxiety (GAD-7 ≥ 10) (30.8%) and depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) (38.5%). Participants who used PrEP for a longer period had lower HIV anxiety scores. No differences were observed considering the age, education, relationship status, or STI rates between the groups. Participants with higher anxiety or depressive symptoms had higher HIV anxiety scores. Conclusions: Participants who had been doing PrEP for a longer period were independently associated with lower levels of HIV-related anxiety. This emphasizes the importance of considering individual-level and structural factors in HIV prevention strategies and highlights the need for increased awareness, access, and education about PrEP to reach more individuals at risk.
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2023
Palavras-chave
Vírus da imunodeficiência humana Profilaxia pré-exposição VIH Depressão Infeções sexualmente transmissíveis Ansiedade Doenças transmissíveis