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Esta dissertação versa sobre O Edito de Caracala de 212 e os Efeitos Jurídicos da Universalização da Cidadania. Caracala governou o Império entre os anos de 211 d.C. e 217 d.C. Foi um dos mais cruéis imperadores de Roma. Assassinou o seu irmão Geta para não dividir o poder com ele e promoveu uma política violenta contra todos que lhe faziam oposição. Concedeu cidadania a todas as pessoas livres que moravam no Império e que desta forma passaram também a contribuir com o pagamento de taxas que eram destinadas apenas a cidadãos romanos. Tal também permitia poder angariar mais soldados para o exército de Roma. Ser romano na antiguidade não significava ter nascido em Roma, era uma condição legal, não sendo a cidadania uma questão apenas de nascimento e sim um status legal que era garantidor máximo de direitos para os habitantes de Roma. O edito de Caracala permitiu implementar no Império de Roma uma maior igualdade entre as pessoas, algo de destacar dado a curta duração da sua governação. Esse feito que postergou no tempo e pode ser considerado um dos maiores atos jurídicos que tiveram eco para o futuro, alterou o pensamento do homem para o alcance da igualdade.
This dissertation deals with the Caracalla Edict of 212 and the Legal Effects of the Universalization of Citizenship. Caracalla ruled the Empire between 211 AD. and 217 AD. He was one of the cruelest emperors of Rome. He murdered his brother Geta so as not to share power with him and promoted a violent policy against all who opposed him. It granted citizenship to all free people who lived in the Empire and who thus also began to contribute to the payment of taxes that were intended only for Roman citizens. This also allowed him to raise more soldiers for Rome's army. Being Roman in antiquity did not mean being born in Rome, it was a legal condition, citizenship not being a matter of birth only, but a legal status that guaranteed the maximum rights for the inhabitants of Rome. The edict of Caracalla made it possible to implement greater equality among the people in the Empire of Rome, something to be highlighted given the short duration of its rule. This feat that was postponed in time and can be considered one of the greatest legal acts that had an echo for the future, changed the thinking of man to achieve equality.
This dissertation deals with the Caracalla Edict of 212 and the Legal Effects of the Universalization of Citizenship. Caracalla ruled the Empire between 211 AD. and 217 AD. He was one of the cruelest emperors of Rome. He murdered his brother Geta so as not to share power with him and promoted a violent policy against all who opposed him. It granted citizenship to all free people who lived in the Empire and who thus also began to contribute to the payment of taxes that were intended only for Roman citizens. This also allowed him to raise more soldiers for Rome's army. Being Roman in antiquity did not mean being born in Rome, it was a legal condition, citizenship not being a matter of birth only, but a legal status that guaranteed the maximum rights for the inhabitants of Rome. The edict of Caracalla made it possible to implement greater equality among the people in the Empire of Rome, something to be highlighted given the short duration of its rule. This feat that was postponed in time and can be considered one of the greatest legal acts that had an echo for the future, changed the thinking of man to achieve equality.
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Keywords
Direito romano Cidadania Efeitos jurídicos Democratização Teses de mestrado - 2022