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Implementação e avaliação da eficácia da Cogestão em Áreas Protegidas em Portugal : caso de Estudo da Reserva Natural das Berlengas
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Resumo(s)
No contexto de crise da biodiversidade, a par do reconhecimento da relevância das Áreas Protegidas
(AP) como uma ferramenta de conservação fundamental, é também aceite a importância de avaliar a
eficácia da sua gestão e implementar os modelos de governança e gestão de AP mais adequados possível.
Em Portugal continental, a avaliação da gestão destas áreas não tem sido sistematicamente realizada
apesar das alterações aos modelos que se sucederam, tendo-se introduzido recentemente uma alteração
ao modelo de gestão e governança das mesmas – a possibilidade de cogestão com intervenção dos
municípios. Urge, perante o atual panorama da gestão de AP em Portugal, levar a cabo avaliações PAME
(Protected Area Management Effectiveness), e analisar o modelo correntemente em vigor e a sua
implementação. Tomando como caso de estudo a Reserva Natural das Berlengas (RNB), pequeno
arquipélago e área marinha adjacente no Atlântico Norte ao largo de Peniche, procedeu-se à sua
avaliação PAME com recurso a uma metodologia internacionalmente utilizada, a METT (Management
Effectiveness Tracking Tool), e analisou-se a implementação do modelo de cogestão nesta AP. A gestão
da RNB foi classificada como básica, apresentando necessidade de melhorias significativas, sobretudo
ao nível dos processos e produtos. Quanto à implementação do modelo de cogestão na RNB, esta
encontra-se atrasada e menos de metade das ações previstas foram plenamente e atempadamente
executadas. Examinaram-se as forças, fraquezas, oportunidades e ameaças do modelo nesta AP e na sua
generalidade, tendo sido ainda propostas algumas recomendações específicas à RNB e considerações
acerca da cogestão.
In the biodiversity crisis context, despite the widespread recognition of the relevance of Protected Areas (PAs) as a fundamental conservation tool, the importance of evaluating the effectiveness of PA management is also acknowledged, as well as the implementation of the best possible governance and management models. In mainland Portugal, Protected Area Management Effectiveness (PAME) assessments haven’t generally been conducted, even though several changes on the management models have taken place. More recently, a co-management model focused on the promotion of PAs was introduced. In this setting it is necessary to conduct PAME assessments and analyse the current model and its implementation. Taking as a case study the Berlengas’ Natural Reserve (RNB), a small archipelago and adjacent marine area in the North Atlantic off the coast of Peniche, a PAME assessment was carried out using the internationally widespread Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool (METT), as well as an analysis of the implementation of the co-management model in this PA. The management of the RNB was classified as basic, presenting the need for significant improvements, mostly related to the management processes and products. As for the implementation of the new model, it is behind schedule and less than half of the planned actions were fully and timely executed. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the model in this PA and in general were also examined, and recommendations both specific to the use case and about the co-management were also proposed.
In the biodiversity crisis context, despite the widespread recognition of the relevance of Protected Areas (PAs) as a fundamental conservation tool, the importance of evaluating the effectiveness of PA management is also acknowledged, as well as the implementation of the best possible governance and management models. In mainland Portugal, Protected Area Management Effectiveness (PAME) assessments haven’t generally been conducted, even though several changes on the management models have taken place. More recently, a co-management model focused on the promotion of PAs was introduced. In this setting it is necessary to conduct PAME assessments and analyse the current model and its implementation. Taking as a case study the Berlengas’ Natural Reserve (RNB), a small archipelago and adjacent marine area in the North Atlantic off the coast of Peniche, a PAME assessment was carried out using the internationally widespread Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool (METT), as well as an analysis of the implementation of the co-management model in this PA. The management of the RNB was classified as basic, presenting the need for significant improvements, mostly related to the management processes and products. As for the implementation of the new model, it is behind schedule and less than half of the planned actions were fully and timely executed. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the model in this PA and in general were also examined, and recommendations both specific to the use case and about the co-management were also proposed.
Descrição
Relatório de estágio de mestrado, Ecologia e Gestão Ambiental , 2023, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências
Palavras-chave
Gestão de Áreas Protegidas METT (Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool) Governança Ambiental Conservação da Biodiversidade Relatórios de estágio de mestrado - 2023