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Relação entre o consumo de psicoestimulantes e bruxismo em estudantes do ensino superior
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Introdução: As substâncias psicoestimulantes servem de recurso a muitos estudantes universitários para melhorar as suas capacidades cognitivas. São consumidas geralmente em épocas de maior stresse e ansiedade como a época de exames, no entanto há muitos estudantes que fazem um consumo diário destes estimulantes. O seu consumo pode conduzir a efeitos negativos, ao surgimento ou agravamento de condições afetadas por fatores psicossociais, como o bruxismo e os hábitos parafuncionais.
Objetivos: Avaliar a relação entre o consumo de psicoestimulantes e a presença de sintomas de bruxismo em estudantes do ensino superior em Portugal.
Materiais e métodos: Os dados foram recolhidos através de um questionário online, disponibilizado de fevereiro a março de 2023, composto por 21 perguntas de resposta rápida, divididas em três seções: caracterização da amostra, consumo de psicoestimulantes e questionário de diagnóstico de bruxismo do sono (adaptado da Academia Americana de Medicina do Sono). A análise estatística incluiu a descrição e inferência dos dados.
Resultados: A amostra foi constituída por 373 respostas, 73.20% do género feminino e 28.80% do género masculino, a maioria a frequentar o 3º ano de licenciatura (24.70%). A prevalência na amostra de consumo de psicoestimulantes foi de 89.5%. Foi obtida uma percentagem de diagnóstico positivo de Bruxismo de 35.9%, sendo que 21.6% destes estudantes referiram sentir um agravamento dos sintomas aquando do consumo de psicoestimulantes. Verificou-se uma associação estatisticamente significativa entre a idade (p = 0.022), o ano (p = 0.010) e o consumo de psicoestimulantes. O consumo de MDMA (Ecstasy®) e a percepção de agravamento dos sintomas de bruxismo (p = 0.001) também apresentaram associação estatisticamente significativa.
Conclusão: Concluiu-se não existir uma associação significativa entre o consumo de psicoestimulantes e a presença de sintomas de bruxismo em estudantes universitários. No entanto, verificou-se que existe uma maior percepção por parte dos consumidores de MDMA do agravamento dos seus sintomas de bruxismo aquando do consumo deste psicoestimulante.
Introduction: Psychostimulants serve as a resource for many university students to enhance their cognitive abilities. They are generally consumed during periods of high stress and anxiety, such as exam season. However, there are many students who engage in daily consumption of these stimulants. Their consumption can lead to negative effects, the onset or exacerbation of conditions influenced by psychosocial factors, such as bruxism and parafunctional habits. Objectives: To assess the relationship between the consumption of psychostimulants and the presence of bruxism symptoms among higher education students in Portugal. Materials and methods: The data was collected through an online questionnaire made available from February to March 2023. It consisted of 21 quick response questions divided into three sections: sample characterization, consumption of psychoactive stimulants, and a sleep bruxism diagnostic questionnaire (adapted from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine). The statistical analysis included data description and inference. Results: The sample consisted of 373 responses, with 73.20% identifying as female and 28.80% as male. The majority of respondents were in their third year of undergraduate studies (24.70%). The prevalence of psychoactive stimulant consumption in the sample was 89.5%. A positive diagnosis percentage for bruxism was obtained, at 35.9%, with 21.6% of these students reporting an exacerbation of symptoms during psychoactive stimulant consumption. A statistically significant association was found between age (p = 0.022), academic year (p = 0.010), and psychoactive stimulant consumption. The consumption of MDMA (Ecstasy®) and the perception of worsened bruxism symptoms (p = 0.001) also showed a statistically significant association. Conclusion: It was concluded that there is no significant association between the consumption of psychoactive stimulants and the presence of bruxism symptoms in university students. However, it was found that MDMA consumers have a higher perception of exacerbation of their bruxism symptoms during the consumption of this psychoactive stimulant.
Introduction: Psychostimulants serve as a resource for many university students to enhance their cognitive abilities. They are generally consumed during periods of high stress and anxiety, such as exam season. However, there are many students who engage in daily consumption of these stimulants. Their consumption can lead to negative effects, the onset or exacerbation of conditions influenced by psychosocial factors, such as bruxism and parafunctional habits. Objectives: To assess the relationship between the consumption of psychostimulants and the presence of bruxism symptoms among higher education students in Portugal. Materials and methods: The data was collected through an online questionnaire made available from February to March 2023. It consisted of 21 quick response questions divided into three sections: sample characterization, consumption of psychoactive stimulants, and a sleep bruxism diagnostic questionnaire (adapted from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine). The statistical analysis included data description and inference. Results: The sample consisted of 373 responses, with 73.20% identifying as female and 28.80% as male. The majority of respondents were in their third year of undergraduate studies (24.70%). The prevalence of psychoactive stimulant consumption in the sample was 89.5%. A positive diagnosis percentage for bruxism was obtained, at 35.9%, with 21.6% of these students reporting an exacerbation of symptoms during psychoactive stimulant consumption. A statistically significant association was found between age (p = 0.022), academic year (p = 0.010), and psychoactive stimulant consumption. The consumption of MDMA (Ecstasy®) and the perception of worsened bruxism symptoms (p = 0.001) also showed a statistically significant association. Conclusion: It was concluded that there is no significant association between the consumption of psychoactive stimulants and the presence of bruxism symptoms in university students. However, it was found that MDMA consumers have a higher perception of exacerbation of their bruxism symptoms during the consumption of this psychoactive stimulant.
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Teses de mestrado - 2023 Saúde Oral