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Sensibilização de profissionais dos cuidados de saúde primários para a prática de chemsex, estratégias de redução de riscos e danos
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O Chemsex consiste no consumo de drogas específicas para facilitar, melhorar e/ou prolongar a relação sexual. As principais drogas utilizadas são a metanfetamina em cristal, a mefedrona, o gama-hidroxibutirato (GHB) e a gama-butirolactona (GBL) e é uma prática predominantemente descrita em homens que têm relações sexuais com homens (MSM). Associa-se a comportamentos sexuais de risco como utilização inconsistente de preservativo, sexo em grupo com múltiplos parceiros, e partilha de brinquedos sexuais, facilitando a transmissão de infeções sexualmente transmissíveis (ISTs). Esta prática tem um impacto negativo na saúde mental e no funcionamento socio-ocupacional. Um dos principais problemas descritos é o desconhecimento do fenómeno pelos profissionais de saúde e o estigma associado, que condiciona a procura de cuidados. Foi realizada uma pesquisa na Pubmed, (última consulta dia 15 de dezembro), com as palavras-chave: chemsex AND prevention AND harm reduction, obtendo-se um total de 18 artigos. Foram lidos na íntegra e excluiu-se 1 por se tratar de um ensaio clínico sem relação com o foco do projeto na redução de riscos e danos. Os restantes 17 foram utilizados como fonte bibliográfica da base teórica do trabalho.
A partir dessa base teórica foi elaborada uma apresentação em PowerPoint dirigida aos médicos, psicólogos e enfermeiros dos Centros de saúde da área geodemográfica do Hospital de Santa Maria (CS Sete Rios, Alvalade e Lumiar) para sensibilizar a comunidade prestadora de cuidados de saúde ao nível primário para esta problemática. Foi ainda desenvolvido um folheto dirigido aos utentes para aumentar a literacia relativamente à redução dos riscos e danos associados ao chemsex.
Sensibilizando estes profissionais de saúde, espera-se melhorar o reconhecimento da prática de chemsex nos seus utentes, e aumentar a eficácia da estratégia de redução de riscos e danos associados ao consumo de substâncias, especialmente no contexto sexual.
Chemsex refers to the use of specific drugs to facilitate, enhance and/or prolong sexual intercourse. The main drugs used are crystal methamphetamine, mephedrone, gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) and is a practice predominantly described in men who have sex with men (MSM). It is associated with risky sexual behaviors such as inconsistent condom use, group sex with multiple partners, and sharing sex toys, facilitating the transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This practice has a negative impact on mental health and socio-occupational functioning. One of the main problems described is the lack of knowledge of the phenomenon by health professionals and the associated stigma, which conditions the search for care. It was carried out a search in Pubmed, (last consultation on December 15th), with the keywords: chemsex AND prevention AND harm reduction, which lead to 18 articles. They were read in full, and 1 was excluded because it was a clinical trial unrelated to the project's focus on risk and harm reduction. The remaining 17 were used as a bibliographic source for the theoretical basis of the work. From this theoretical basis, a PowerPoint presentation was elaborated for physicians, psychologists and nurses of the health centers in the geodemographic area of Santa Maria Hospital (Sete Rios, Alvalade and Lumiar) to raise awareness of this issue among the primary health care community. A leaflet directed to users was also developed to increase literacy regarding the reduction of risks and harms associated with chemsex. By sensitizing primary health care professionals to this issue, it is expected to improve the recognition of this problem in their patients, and increase the effectiveness of the strategy to reduce risks and harms associated with substance use, especially in the sexual context.
Chemsex refers to the use of specific drugs to facilitate, enhance and/or prolong sexual intercourse. The main drugs used are crystal methamphetamine, mephedrone, gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) and is a practice predominantly described in men who have sex with men (MSM). It is associated with risky sexual behaviors such as inconsistent condom use, group sex with multiple partners, and sharing sex toys, facilitating the transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This practice has a negative impact on mental health and socio-occupational functioning. One of the main problems described is the lack of knowledge of the phenomenon by health professionals and the associated stigma, which conditions the search for care. It was carried out a search in Pubmed, (last consultation on December 15th), with the keywords: chemsex AND prevention AND harm reduction, which lead to 18 articles. They were read in full, and 1 was excluded because it was a clinical trial unrelated to the project's focus on risk and harm reduction. The remaining 17 were used as a bibliographic source for the theoretical basis of the work. From this theoretical basis, a PowerPoint presentation was elaborated for physicians, psychologists and nurses of the health centers in the geodemographic area of Santa Maria Hospital (Sete Rios, Alvalade and Lumiar) to raise awareness of this issue among the primary health care community. A leaflet directed to users was also developed to increase literacy regarding the reduction of risks and harms associated with chemsex. By sensitizing primary health care professionals to this issue, it is expected to improve the recognition of this problem in their patients, and increase the effectiveness of the strategy to reduce risks and harms associated with substance use, especially in the sexual context.
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2022
Palavras-chave
Chemsex Prevenção Redução de danos Psiquiatria