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Abstract(s)
A pesquisa se desenvolveu tendo por tema a BR-163, que é uma das maiores Rodovias Federais Longitudinal com uma extensão de 3.467 km, ligando Tenente Portela no estado do Rio Grande do Sul a Santarém no estado do Pará. A nossa análise centra-se no trecho da rodovia de Cuiabá no estado de Mato Grosso até Santarém, conhecida como rodovia Cuiabá-Santarém, uma extensão de 1.780 km, atravessando vinte e seis municípios, dezoito em Mato Grosso e oito no Pará, que juntos formam uma área de 1.829.892,857 km² com uma população estimada em 2.073.199 habitantes (IBGE, 2018). O objetivo central do trabalho foi compreender as políticas públicas brasileiras nas últimas décadas para construção da rodovia e a forma de ocupação da fronteira agrícola nacional, tendo como eixo central da discussão teórica a rodovia BR-163 Cuiabá-Santarém e o seu papel no desenvolvimento da região Amazônica, objetivo de sua construção. Para tanto, contextualizamos os vinte e oito municípios atravessados pela rodovia e analisamos os aspectos econômicos e demográficos para relacionar o impacto provocado pela rodovia nos mesmos. Adotamos como método de abordagem, o dialético, utilizando ainda os métodos estatísticos e monográficos. Como técnica, utilizamos o questionário, aplicado aos gestores dos municípios atravessados pela rodovia, sobre o papel e o eventual impacto que a rodovia traz aos seus municípios. O trabalho se desenvolveu em um primeiro momento através da pesquisa bibliográfica com a finalidade de compreender o contexto espacial e estratégico em que se dá a construção da BR 163 Cuiabá-Santarém. Foi realizado também a pesquisa de campo perfazendo todo o trajeto da BR-163 Cuiabá-Santarém, saindo da capital do estado de Mato Grosso até o Porto de Santarém no estado do Pará, com passagem por Itaituba e o Porto de Miritituba. A bibliografia consultada centrou-se na temática da BR-163 Cuiabá-Santarém, e desenvolvimento regional. Para atingir o objetivo proposto, buscamos embasamento na bibliografia disponível para posteriormente fazermos a análise de como esses temas se articulam e sua importância para o desenvolvimento da região sob influência da BR. Para atingir toda a leitura possível, buscamos fontes juntos aos Ministérios da Integração Nacional, Ministério dos Transportes, Portos e Aviação Civil, Ministério da Agricultura, Ministério do Meio Ambiente, Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Departamento Nacional de Infraestrutura de Transporte e Agência Nacional de Transporte Terrestre. A partir dos dados analisados foi constatado que mesmo a rodovia ainda não estando concluída, ela é fundamental para os municípios por ela atravessados, tendo uma participação direta no desenvolvimento econômico dos mesmos, bem como influenciou o surgimento de novos municípios ao longo dos anos.
BR-163 is one of the largest Brazilian federal highways, with a total of 3,467 kilometers of extension. This highway begins in the town of Tenente Portela in the State of Rio Grande do Sul and ends in Santarem in the State of Para. Our analysis focuses on the portion from the city of Cuiaba in the State of Mato Grosso until Santarem, known as Cuiaba-Santarem highway, a total of 1,780 kilometers, an area of 1,829,892 km² crossing twenty eight municipalities, eighteen in Mato Grosso and eight in Para, with a total estimated population of 2,703,199. Our main object was to comprehend Brazilian public polices in the last decades related to the construction of the highway and the approach of the occupation of the agricultural frontier. The main theoretical discussion is the BR-163 Cuiaba-Santarem and its role in the development of the Amazon region, which was originally the objective of the BR-163 construction. We contextualized the twenty-eight municipalities and analyzed the economic and demographic aspects in order to obtain data on the impact of the highway in these municipalities. We adopted the dialectical, statistical and monographic methods. We utilized questionnaires which were given to administrative leaders of the municipalities about the function and eventual impact that the highway brings to its municipalities. The thesis was developed through a literature review with the objective of understanding the local and strategic construction of BR-163. The researcher travelled the BR-163 from Cuiaba to Santarem, passing through Itaituba and Miritituba Port. The bibliography focuses on BR-163 Cuiabá-Santarem and its regional development. Articles and documents from several Brazilian federal agencies were consulted to include: the Ministry of National Integration, Ministry of Transportation, Port and Civil Aviation, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of the Environment, National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform, Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, Institute of Research of Applied Economics, National Department of Infrastructure and Transportation, and the Nation Agency of Ground Transportation. According to the data, our conclusion is that even though the construction of the BR-163 Cuiaba-Santarem highway has not yet been completed the highway is of core importance to the towns and cities that it crosses. Moreover, the highway has a direct impact on the economic development of those cities, having influenced the foundation of new municipalities.
BR-163 is one of the largest Brazilian federal highways, with a total of 3,467 kilometers of extension. This highway begins in the town of Tenente Portela in the State of Rio Grande do Sul and ends in Santarem in the State of Para. Our analysis focuses on the portion from the city of Cuiaba in the State of Mato Grosso until Santarem, known as Cuiaba-Santarem highway, a total of 1,780 kilometers, an area of 1,829,892 km² crossing twenty eight municipalities, eighteen in Mato Grosso and eight in Para, with a total estimated population of 2,703,199. Our main object was to comprehend Brazilian public polices in the last decades related to the construction of the highway and the approach of the occupation of the agricultural frontier. The main theoretical discussion is the BR-163 Cuiaba-Santarem and its role in the development of the Amazon region, which was originally the objective of the BR-163 construction. We contextualized the twenty-eight municipalities and analyzed the economic and demographic aspects in order to obtain data on the impact of the highway in these municipalities. We adopted the dialectical, statistical and monographic methods. We utilized questionnaires which were given to administrative leaders of the municipalities about the function and eventual impact that the highway brings to its municipalities. The thesis was developed through a literature review with the objective of understanding the local and strategic construction of BR-163. The researcher travelled the BR-163 from Cuiaba to Santarem, passing through Itaituba and Miritituba Port. The bibliography focuses on BR-163 Cuiabá-Santarem and its regional development. Articles and documents from several Brazilian federal agencies were consulted to include: the Ministry of National Integration, Ministry of Transportation, Port and Civil Aviation, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of the Environment, National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform, Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, Institute of Research of Applied Economics, National Department of Infrastructure and Transportation, and the Nation Agency of Ground Transportation. According to the data, our conclusion is that even though the construction of the BR-163 Cuiaba-Santarem highway has not yet been completed the highway is of core importance to the towns and cities that it crosses. Moreover, the highway has a direct impact on the economic development of those cities, having influenced the foundation of new municipalities.
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Keywords
Transporte Desenvolvimento econômico Integração Amazônia Município Transportation Economic development Integration Amazon Municipalities